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Falanga G, Carerj S, Oreto G, et al. How to Understand Patent Foramen Ovale Clinical Significance - Part II: Therapeutic Strategies in Cryptogenic Stroke. J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2015;25(2):46-53doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.161779.
Falanga, G., Carerj, S., Oreto, G., Khandheria, B., & Zito, C. (2015). How to Understand Patent Foramen Ovale Clinical Significance - Part II: Therapeutic Strategies in Cryptogenic Stroke. Journal of cardiovascular echography, 25(2), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.4103/2211-4122.161779
Falanga, Gabriella, et al. "How to Understand Patent Foramen Ovale Clinical Significance - Part II: Therapeutic Strategies in Cryptogenic Stroke." Journal of cardiovascular echography vol. 25,2 (2015): 46-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/2211-4122.161779
Falanga G, Carerj S, Oreto G, Khandheria B, Zito C. How to Understand Patent Foramen Ovale Clinical Significance - Part II: Therapeutic Strategies in Cryptogenic Stroke. J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2015 Apr-Jun;25(2):46-53. doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.161779. PMID: 28465931; PMCID: PMC5353430.
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J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2015 Apr-Jun;25(2):46-53. doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.161779.

How to Understand Patent Foramen Ovale Clinical Significance - Part II: Therapeutic Strategies in Cryptogenic Stroke.

Journal of cardiovascular echography

Gabriella Falanga, Scipione Carerj, Giuseppe Oreto, Bijoy Khandheria, Concetta Zito

Affiliations

  1. Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy.
  2. Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA.

PMID: 28465931 PMCID: PMC5353430 DOI: 10.4103/2211-4122.161779

Abstract

In the first part of this review, we reminded that patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a slit or tunnel-like passage in the interatrial septum occurring in approximately 25% of the population and that a number of conditions have been linked to its presence, the most important being cryptogenic stroke (CS) and migraine. We have also shown how, in the setting of neurological events, it is not often clear whether the PFO is pathogenically-related to the index event or an incidental finding, and therefore we thought to provide some useful key points for understanding PFO clinical significance in a case by case evaluation. The controversy about PFO pathogenicity has consequently prompted a paradigm shift of research interest from medical therapy with antiplatelets or anticoagulants to percutaneous transcatheter closure, in secondary prevention. Observational data and meta-analysis of observational studies previously suggested that PFO closure with a device was a safe procedure with a low recurrence rate of stroke, as compared to medical therapy. However, so far, published randomized controlled trials (CLOSURE I

Keywords: Cryptogenic stroke; medical therapy; patent foramen ovale; percutaneous transcatheter closure

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

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