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Cancer Biol Med. 2017 Feb;14(1):90-99. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0086.

Roles of Rap1 signaling in tumor cell migration and invasion.

Cancer biology & medicine

Yi-Lei Zhang, Ruo-Chen Wang, Ken Cheng, Brian Z Ring, Li Su

Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
  2. Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
  3. Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518063, China.

PMID: 28443208 PMCID: PMC5365179 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0086

Abstract

Ras-associated protein-1 (Rap1), a small GTPase in the Ras-related protein family, is an important regulator of basic cellular functions (e.g., formation and control of cell adhesions and junctions), cellular migration, and polarization. Through its interaction with other proteins, Rap1 plays many roles during cell invasion and metastasis in different cancers. The basic function of Rap1 is straightforward; it acts as a switch during cellular signaling transduction and regulated by its binding to either guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or guanosine diphosphate (GDP). However, its remarkably diverse function is rendered by its interplay with a large number of distinct Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors and Rap GTPase activating proteins. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which Rap1 signaling can regulate cell invasion and metastasis, focusing on its roles in integrin and cadherin regulation, Rho GTPase control, and matrix metalloproteinase expression.

Keywords: Rap1; RapGAPs; RapGEFs; Tumor; metastasis

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