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Hatzell KB, Eller J, Morelly SL, et al. Direct observation of active material interactions in flowable electrodes using X-ray tomography. Faraday Discuss. 2017;199:511-524doi: 10.1039/c6fd00243a.
Hatzell, K. B., Eller, J., Morelly, S. L., Tang, M. H., Alvarez, N. J., & Gogotsi, Y. (2017). Direct observation of active material interactions in flowable electrodes using X-ray tomography. Faraday discussions, 199511-524. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00243a
Hatzell, Kelsey B, et al. "Direct observation of active material interactions in flowable electrodes using X-ray tomography." Faraday discussions vol. 199 (2017): 511-524. doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00243a
Hatzell KB, Eller J, Morelly SL, Tang MH, Alvarez NJ, Gogotsi Y. Direct observation of active material interactions in flowable electrodes using X-ray tomography. Faraday Discuss. 2017 Jul 01;199:511-524. doi: 10.1039/c6fd00243a. Epub 2017 May 05. PMID: 28474019.
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Faraday Discuss. 2017 Jul 01;199:511-524. doi: 10.1039/c6fd00243a. Epub 2017 May 05.

Direct observation of active material interactions in flowable electrodes using X-ray tomography.

Faraday discussions

Kelsey B Hatzell, Jens Eller, Samantha L Morelly, Maureen H Tang, Nicolas J Alvarez, Yury Gogotsi

Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. [email protected].
  2. Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
  3. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
  4. Department of Material Science and Engineering, A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. [email protected].

PMID: 28474019 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00243a

Abstract

Understanding electrical percolation and charging mechanisms in electrochemically active biphasic flowable electrodes is critical for enabling scalable deionization (desalination) and energy storage. Flowable electrodes are dynamic material systems which store charge (remove ions) and have the ability to flow. This flow process can induce structural changes in the underlying material arrangement and result in transient and non-uniform material properties. Carbon-based suspensions are opaque, multi-phase, and three dimensional, and thus prior characterization of the structural properties has been limited to indirect methods (electrochemical and rheology). Herein, a range of mixed electronic and ionically conducting suspensions are evaluated to determine their static structure, function, and properties, utilizing synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM). The high brilliance of the synchrotron light enables deconvolution of the liquid and solid phases. Reconstruction of the solid phase reveals agglomeration cluster volumes between 10 μm

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