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Immonen T, Brymer E, Orth D, et al. Understanding Action and Adventure Sports Participation-An Ecological Dynamics Perspective. Sports Med Open. 2017;3(1):18doi: 10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1.
Immonen, T., Brymer, E., Orth, D., Davids, K., Feletti, F., Liukkonen, J., & Jaakkola, T. (2017). Understanding Action and Adventure Sports Participation-An Ecological Dynamics Perspective. Sports medicine - open, 3(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1
Immonen, Tuomas, et al. "Understanding Action and Adventure Sports Participation-An Ecological Dynamics Perspective." Sports medicine - open vol. 3,1 (2017): 18. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1
Immonen T, Brymer E, Orth D, Davids K, Feletti F, Liukkonen J, Jaakkola T. Understanding Action and Adventure Sports Participation-An Ecological Dynamics Perspective. Sports Med Open. 2017 Dec;3(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1. Epub 2017 Apr 26. PMID: 28447331; PMCID: PMC5406377.
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Sports Med Open. 2017 Dec;3(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1. Epub 2017 Apr 26.

Understanding Action and Adventure Sports Participation-An Ecological Dynamics Perspective.

Sports medicine - open

Tuomas Immonen, Eric Brymer, Dominic Orth, Keith Davids, Francesco Feletti, Jarmo Liukkonen, Timo Jaakkola

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. [email protected].
  2. Institute of Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
  3. Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  4. Centre for Sports Engineering Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
  5. S.Maria delle Croci Hospital Ravenna, Ravenna, Italy.
  6. Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano University Milan, Milan, Italy.
  7. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.

PMID: 28447331 PMCID: PMC5406377 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-017-0084-1

Abstract

Previous research has considered action and adventure sports using a variety of associated terms and definitions which has led to confusing discourse and contradictory research findings. Traditional narratives have typically considered participation exclusively as the pastime of young people with abnormal characteristics or personalities having unhealthy and pathological tendencies to take risks because of the need for thrill, excitement or an adrenaline 'rush'. Conversely, recent research has linked even the most extreme forms of action and adventure sports to positive physical and psychological health and well-being outcomes. Here, we argue that traditional frameworks have led to definitions, which, as currently used by researchers, ignore key elements constituting the essential merit of these sports. In this paper, we suggest that this lack of conceptual clarity in understanding cognitions, perception and action in action and adventure sports requires a comprehensive explanatory framework, ecological dynamics which considers person-environment interactions from a multidisciplinary perspective. Action and adventure sports can be fundamentally conceptualized as activities which flourish through creative exploration of novel movement experiences, continuously expanding and evolving beyond predetermined environmental, physical, psychological or sociocultural boundaries. The outcome is the emergence of a rich variety of participation styles and philosophical differences within and across activities. The purpose of this paper is twofold: (a) to point out some limitations of existing research on action and adventure sports; (b) based on key ideas from emerging research and an ecological dynamics approach, to propose a holistic multidisciplinary model for defining and understanding action and adventure sports that may better guide future research and practical implications.

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