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Chaby L, Hupont I, Avril M, et al. Gaze Behavior Consistency among Older and Younger Adults When Looking at Emotional Faces. Front Psychol. 2017;8:548doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548.
Chaby, L., Hupont, I., Avril, M., Luherne-du Boullay, V., & Chetouani, M. (2017). Gaze Behavior Consistency among Older and Younger Adults When Looking at Emotional Faces. Frontiers in psychology, 8548. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548
Chaby, Laurence, et al. "Gaze Behavior Consistency among Older and Younger Adults When Looking at Emotional Faces." Frontiers in psychology vol. 8 (2017): 548. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548
Chaby L, Hupont I, Avril M, Luherne-du Boullay V, Chetouani M. Gaze Behavior Consistency among Older and Younger Adults When Looking at Emotional Faces. Front Psychol. 2017 Apr 13;8:548. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548. eCollection 2017. PMID: 28450841; PMCID: PMC5390044.
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Front Psychol. 2017 Apr 13;8:548. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548. eCollection 2017.

Gaze Behavior Consistency among Older and Younger Adults When Looking at Emotional Faces.

Frontiers in psychology

Laurence Chaby, Isabelle Hupont, Marie Avril, Viviane Luherne-du Boullay, Mohamed Chetouani

Affiliations

  1. Institut de Psychologie, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris DescartesBoulogne-Billancourt, France.
  2. Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 06, Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7222Paris, France.
  3. Service de Neurochirurgie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-SalpetrièreParis, France.

PMID: 28450841 PMCID: PMC5390044 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00548

Abstract

The identification of non-verbal emotional signals, and especially of facial expressions, is essential for successful social communication among humans. Previous research has reported an age-related decline in facial emotion identification, and argued for socio-emotional or aging-brain model explanations. However, more perceptual differences in the gaze strategies that accompany facial emotional processing with advancing age have been under-explored yet. In this study, 22 young (22.2 years) and 22 older (70.4 years) adults were instructed to look at basic facial expressions while their gaze movements were recorded by an eye-tracker. Participants were then asked to identify each emotion, and the unbiased hit rate was applied as performance measure. Gaze data were first analyzed using traditional measures of fixations over two preferential regions of the face (upper and lower areas) for each emotion. Then, to better capture core gaze changes with advancing age, spatio-temporal gaze behaviors were deeper examined using data-driven analysis (dimension reduction, clustering). Results first confirmed that older adults performed worse than younger adults at identifying facial expressions, except for "joy" and "disgust," and this was accompanied by a gaze preference toward the lower-face. Interestingly, this phenomenon was maintained during the whole time course of stimulus presentation. More importantly, trials corresponding to older adults were more tightly clustered, suggesting that the gaze behavior patterns of older adults are more consistent than those of younger adults. This study demonstrates that, confronted to emotional faces, younger and older adults do not prioritize or ignore the same facial areas. Older adults mainly adopted a

Keywords: aging; clustering; emotion identification; eye-tracking; facial expressions; gaze patterns; manifold learning; visual scanning

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