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Partearroyo T, Vallecillo N, Pajares MA, et al. Cochlear Homocysteine Metabolism at the Crossroad of Nutrition and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Mol Neurosci. 2017;10:107doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107.
Partearroyo, T., Vallecillo, N., Pajares, M. A., Varela-Moreiras, G., & Varela-Nieto, I. (2017). Cochlear Homocysteine Metabolism at the Crossroad of Nutrition and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 10107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107
Partearroyo, Teresa, et al. "Cochlear Homocysteine Metabolism at the Crossroad of Nutrition and Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Frontiers in molecular neuroscience vol. 10 (2017): 107. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107
Partearroyo T, Vallecillo N, Pajares MA, Varela-Moreiras G, Varela-Nieto I. Cochlear Homocysteine Metabolism at the Crossroad of Nutrition and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Mol Neurosci. 2017 Apr 25;10:107. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107. eCollection 2017. PMID: 28487633; PMCID: PMC5403919.
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Front Mol Neurosci. 2017 Apr 25;10:107. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107. eCollection 2017.

Cochlear Homocysteine Metabolism at the Crossroad of Nutrition and Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

Teresa Partearroyo, Néstor Vallecillo, María A Pajares, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Isabel Varela-Nieto

Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San PabloMadrid, Spain.
  2. Departamento de Fisiopatología y del Sistema Nervios, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC-UAM)Madrid, Spain.
  3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain.
  4. Investigación en Otoneurocirugía, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ)Madrid, Spain.

PMID: 28487633 PMCID: PMC5403919 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00107

Abstract

Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common causes of disability, affecting 360 million people according to the World Health Organization (WHO). HL is most frequently of sensorineural origin, being caused by the irreversible loss of hair cells and/or spiral ganglion neurons. The etiology of sensorineural HL (SNHL) is multifactorial, with genetic and environmental factors such as noise, ototoxic substances and aging playing a role. The nutritional status is central in aging disability, but the interplay between nutrition and SNHL has only recently gained attention. Dietary supplementation could therefore constitute the first step for the prevention and potential repair of hearing damage before it reaches irreversibility. In this context, different epidemiological studies have shown correlations among the nutritional condition, increased total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) and SNHL. Several human genetic rare diseases are also associated with homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and SNHL confirming this potential link. Accordingly, rodent experimental models have provided the molecular basis to understand the observed effects. Thus, increased tHcy levels and vitamin deficiencies, such as folic acid (FA), have been linked with SNHL, whereas long-term dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids improved Hcy metabolism, cell survival and hearing acuity. Furthermore, pharmacological supplementations with the anti-oxidant fumaric acid that targets Hcy metabolism also improved SNHL. Overall these results strongly suggest that cochlear Hcy metabolism is a key player in the onset and progression of SNHL, opening the way for the design of prospective nutritional therapies.

Keywords: folic acid; nutritional imbalance; omega-3; one-carbon metabolism; oxidative stress; rare diseases

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