Display options
Share it on

Burns Trauma. 2017 Apr 17;5:11. doi: 10.1186/s41038-017-0076-x. eCollection 2017.

Nutrition and metabolism in burn patients.

Burns & trauma

Audra Clark, Jonathan Imran, Tarik Madni, Steven E Wolf

Affiliations

  1. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390 USA.

PMID: 28428966 PMCID: PMC5393025 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-017-0076-x

Abstract

Severe burn causes significant metabolic derangements that make nutritional support uniquely important and challenging for burned patients. Burn injury causes a persistent and prolonged hypermetabolic state and increased catabolism that results in increased muscle wasting and cachexia. Metabolic rates of burn patients can surpass twice normal, and failure to fulfill these energy requirements causes impaired wound healing, organ dysfunction, and susceptibility to infection. Adequate assessment and provision of nutritional needs is imperative to care for these patients. There is no consensus regarding the optimal timing, route, amount, and composition of nutritional support for burn patients, but most clinicians advocate for early enteral nutrition with high-carbohydrate formulas. Nutritional support must be individualized, monitored, and adjusted throughout recovery. Further investigation is needed regarding optimal nutritional support and accurate nutritional endpoints and goals.

Keywords: Burn; Critical care; Metabolism; Nutrition

References

  1. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999 May-Jun;23(3):160-8 - PubMed
  2. J Bone Miner Metab. 2009;27(4):502-6 - PubMed
  3. Burns. 2016 Aug;42(5):953-1021 - PubMed
  4. Shock. 2015 Nov;44(5):397-401 - PubMed
  5. J Am Diet Assoc. 1993 Nov;93(11):1261-8 - PubMed
  6. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2013;22(4):543-7 - PubMed
  7. Clin Nutr. 2013 Aug;32(4):497-502 - PubMed
  8. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1997 May-Jun;18(3):269-78; discussion 268 - PubMed
  9. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2007;21 Suppl 1:44-8 - PubMed
  10. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Mar;280(3):E509-17 - PubMed
  11. J Trauma. 1985 Jan;25(1):32-9 - PubMed
  12. QJM. 2006 Sep;99(9):565-79 - PubMed
  13. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1992 May-Jun;13(3):330-3 - PubMed
  14. Cell Rep. 2015 Nov 24;13(8):1538-44 - PubMed
  15. Ann Surg. 1996 Apr;223(4):395-405 - PubMed
  16. Ann Clin Biochem. 1996 Sep;33 ( Pt 5):462-4 - PubMed
  17. Adv Nutr. 2011 Nov;2(6):457-62 - PubMed
  18. Burns. 1998 May;24(3):233-40 - PubMed
  19. Burns. 1994 Apr;20(2):99-103 - PubMed
  20. Nutr Clin Pract. 1991 Feb;6(1):3-7 - PubMed
  21. Shock. 1998 Sep;10(3):155-60 - PubMed
  22. J Trauma. 2001 Oct;51(4):736-9 - PubMed
  23. Ann Surg. 2007 Sep;246(3):351-60; discussion 360-2 - PubMed
  24. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1992 Mar-Apr;13(2 Pt 1):254-60 - PubMed
  25. Ann Surg. 2002 Jan;235(1):152-61 - PubMed
  26. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 May;85(5):1293-300 - PubMed
  27. Burns. 2005 May;31(3):302-5 - PubMed
  28. Intensive Care Med. 2003 May;29(5):669-71 - PubMed
  29. Nutrition. 2014 Apr;30(4):492-4 - PubMed
  30. J Burn Care Res. 2011 Jan-Feb;32(1):104-9 - PubMed
  31. Crit Care Med. 2001 Jul;29(7):1318-24 - PubMed
  32. J Burn Care Res. 2006 Nov-Dec;27(6):764-72 - PubMed
  33. Arch Surg. 1994 Dec;129(12):1301-4; discussion 1304-5 - PubMed
  34. Shock. 2016 Apr;45(4):367-74 - PubMed
  35. J Trauma. 1990 Dec;30(12 Suppl):S20-3 - PubMed
  36. Burns. 1990 Aug;16(4):259-64 - PubMed
  37. Crit Care Med. 2000 Nov;28(11):3606-11 - PubMed
  38. Burns. 2005 May;31(3):342-6 - PubMed
  39. Burns. 2006 Mar;32(2):145-50 - PubMed
  40. J Burn Care Res. 2008 Jan-Feb;29(1):97-101 - PubMed
  41. Clin Chem. 1992 Mar;38(3):334-7 - PubMed
  42. Clin Nutr. 2017 Feb;36(1):224-228 - PubMed
  43. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Sep;3(3):204-10 - PubMed
  44. J Trauma. 1997 May;42(5):793-800; discussion 800-2 - PubMed
  45. Burns. 2007 Sep;33(6):708-12 - PubMed
  46. Surgery. 2002 Aug;132(2):341-7 - PubMed
  47. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1989 Jul-Aug;10(4):309-13 - PubMed
  48. Crit Care Med. 1995 Mar;23(3):436-49 - PubMed
  49. Ann Surg. 2003 Jun;237(6):801-10; discussion 810-1 - PubMed
  50. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1984 Nov-Dec;8(6):638-46 - PubMed
  51. PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e21245 - PubMed
  52. Surgery. 2000 Aug;128(2):312-9 - PubMed
  53. N Engl J Med. 2001 Oct 25;345(17):1223-9 - PubMed
  54. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1998 Jul-Aug;22(4):190 - PubMed
  55. J Trauma. 2004 Dec;57(6):1143-8; discussion 1148-9 - PubMed
  56. Nutr Clin Pract. 2006 Oct;21(5):438-49 - PubMed
  57. J Trauma. 1994 Aug;37(2):167-70 - PubMed
  58. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2007 Apr;13(2):180-6 - PubMed
  59. Nutr Clin Pract. 2008 Feb;23(1):16-34 - PubMed
  60. Nutr Clin Pract. 1992 Oct;7(5):207-21 - PubMed
  61. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 May;85(5):1301-6 - PubMed
  62. New Horiz. 1994 May;2(2):202-14 - PubMed
  63. J Burn Care Res. 2010 Mar-Apr;31(2):251-6 - PubMed
  64. Cell Metab. 2015 Aug 4;22(2):219-27 - PubMed
  65. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1996 May-Jun;17(3):264-72 - PubMed
  66. Ann Surg. 2009 Jul;250(1):166-72 - PubMed
  67. Arch Surg. 1971 Oct;103(4):442-8 - PubMed
  68. Burns. 2001 Mar;27(2):145-9 - PubMed
  69. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002 Jan-Feb;26(1):17-29 - PubMed
  70. Surgery. 1991 May;109(5):640-4 - PubMed
  71. Ann Surg. 1984 Sep;200(3):297-310 - PubMed
  72. Popul Health Metr. 2016 Apr 04;14:12 - PubMed
  73. Ann Surg. 2012 Sep;256(3):402-11 - PubMed
  74. Semin Nephrol. 1993 Jul;13(4):382-90 - PubMed
  75. Lancet. 2016 Oct 1;388(10052):1417-1426 - PubMed
  76. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Oct;31(10):1394-400 - PubMed
  77. Annu Rev Nutr. 1991;11:285-308 - PubMed
  78. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1998 Jul-Aug;22(4):212-6 - PubMed
  79. Arch Surg. 1994 Dec;129(12):1318-23 - PubMed
  80. J Trauma. 2003 Apr;54(4):755-61; discussion 761-4 - PubMed
  81. J Burn Care Res. 2009 Jan-Feb;30(1):77-82 - PubMed
  82. Nutr Clin Pract. 2005 Apr;20(2):271-5 - PubMed
  83. Ann Surg. 2001 Apr;233(4):556-64 - PubMed
  84. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jan;87(1):262-9 - PubMed
  85. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990 May-Jun;14(3):225-36 - PubMed
  86. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2005 Sep-Oct;26(5):383-91 - PubMed
  87. Crit Care Med. 2008 Jan;36(1):151-8 - PubMed
  88. Crit Care Med. 2005 May;33(5):1175-8 - PubMed
  89. J Burn Care Res. 2006 Sep-Oct;27(5):694-702 - PubMed
  90. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016 Apr;27:1-6 - PubMed
  91. Crit Care Med. 1990 Feb;18(2 Suppl):S149-53 - PubMed
  92. Nutrition. 1998 Sep;14(9):649-52 - PubMed
  93. Clin Plast Surg. 2009 Oct;36(4):583-96 - PubMed
  94. Burns. 2007 Mar;33(2):179-84 - PubMed
  95. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1995 Nov-Dec;19(6):482-91 - PubMed
  96. J Nutr. 2004 Jun;134(6 Suppl):1575S-1582S - PubMed
  97. World J Surg. 2000 Jun;24(6):673-80 - PubMed
  98. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1994 Mar-Apr;15(2):199-205 - PubMed
  99. Arch Surg. 2003 Feb;138(2):127-32 - PubMed
  100. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011 Nov;35(6):704-14 - PubMed
  101. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1993 Sep-Oct;14(5):512-6 - PubMed
  102. JAMA. 2016 Jun 7;315(21):2284-91 - PubMed
  103. J Am Coll Surg. 2012 Apr;214(4):489-502; discussion 502-4 - PubMed
  104. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2002 Nov-Dec;23(6):401-15 - PubMed
  105. Nutrition. 2002 Mar;18(3):241-6 - PubMed
  106. Ann Surg. 1999 Apr;229(4):467-77 - PubMed
  107. J Clin Invest. 1998 May 15;101(10):2233-9 - PubMed
  108. Nutrition. 2006 Jul-Aug;22(7-8):705-12 - PubMed
  109. Burns. 2006 Nov;32(7):880-4 - PubMed
  110. Ann Surg. 2009 Oct;250(4):514-23 - PubMed
  111. J Trauma. 1987 Feb;27(2):195-204 - PubMed
  112. J Trauma. 1998 Feb;44(2):342-5 - PubMed
  113. Nutr Hosp. 2001 Sep-Oct;16(5):176-82; discussion 175-6 - PubMed
  114. Ann Surg. 1989 Oct;210(4):449-56; discussion 456-7 - PubMed
  115. J Burn Care Res. 2016 Jan-Feb;37(1):53-63 - PubMed
  116. Ann Surg. 1986 Jul;204(1):1-8 - PubMed
  117. J Trauma. 2006 May;60(5):968-71; discussion 971 - PubMed
  118. Metabolism. 1997 May;46(5):573-8 - PubMed
  119. Crit Care Med. 2003 Oct;31(10):2444-9 - PubMed
  120. N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 9;341(11):785-92 - PubMed
  121. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2016 Feb;40(2):159-211 - PubMed
  122. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1984 Nov-Dec;8(6):695-9 - PubMed
  123. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004 Jun;104(6):931-41, quiz 1031 - PubMed

Publication Types