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J Man Manip Ther. 2017 May;25(2):106-114. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2016.1183289. Epub 2016 May 30.

Manual therapy and eccentric exercise in the management of Achilles tendinopathy.

The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy

Dhinu J Jayaseelan, Michael Kecman, Daniel Alcorn, Josiah D Sault

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Therapy and Health Care Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
  2. The Jackson Clinics, Middleburg, VA, USA.
  3. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

PMID: 28559670 PMCID: PMC5430449 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2016.1183289

Abstract

Chronic Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is an overuse condition seen among runners. Eccentric exercise can decrease pain and improve function for those with chronic degenerative tendon changes; however, some individuals have continued pain requiring additional intervention. While joint mobilization and manipulation has not been studied in the management in Achilles tendinopathy, other chronic tendon dysfunction, such as lateral epicondylalgia, has responded well to manual therapy (MT). Three runners were seen in physical therapy (PT) for chronic AT. They were prescribed eccentric loading exercises and calf stretching. Joint mobilization and manipulation was implemented to improve foot and ankle mobility, decrease pain, and improve function. Immediate within-session changes in pain, heel raise repetitions, and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were noted following joint-directed MT in each patient. Each patient improved in self-reported function on the Achilles tendon specific Victorian Institute for Sport Assessment questionnaire (VISA-A), pain levels, PPT, joint mobility, ankle motion, and single-leg heel raises at discharge and 9-month follow-up. The addition of MT directed at local and remote sites may enhance the rehabilitation of patients with AT. Further research is necessary to determine the efficacy of adding joint mobilization to standard care for AT.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Case series. Therapy, Level 4.

Keywords: Ankle; Manipulation; Mobilization; Running injury; Tendon

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