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Bell MA, Ortí G, Walker JA, et al. EVOLUTION OF PELVIC REDUCTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK FISH: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES. Evolution. 1993;47(3):906-914doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x.
Bell, M. A., Ortí, G., Walker, J. A., & Koenings, J. P. (1993). EVOLUTION OF PELVIC REDUCTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK FISH: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES. Evolution; international journal of organic evolution, 47(3), 906-914. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x
Bell, Michael A, et al. "EVOLUTION OF PELVIC REDUCTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK FISH: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES." Evolution; international journal of organic evolution vol. 47,3 (1993): 906-914. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x
Bell MA, Ortí G, Walker JA, Koenings JP. EVOLUTION OF PELVIC REDUCTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK FISH: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES. Evolution. 1993 Jun;47(3):906-914. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x. PMID: 28567888.
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Evolution. 1993 Jun;47(3):906-914. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x.

EVOLUTION OF PELVIC REDUCTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK FISH: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution

Michael A Bell, Guillermo Ortí, Jeffrey A Walker, Jeffrey P Koenings

Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794.
  2. Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794.
  3. Fisheries Rehabilitation, Enhancement, Development Division, Limnology Section, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 34828 Kalifonsky Beach Road, Suite B, Soldotna, Alaska, 99669.

PMID: 28567888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01243.x

Abstract

Reimchen hypothesized that pelvic reduction in threespine stickleback is favored by an absence of piscivorous fishes and the resulting increase in predation by insects, but Giles hypothesized that the predation regime is unimportant and that a low dissolved calcium concentration favors evolution of pelvic reduction. Substantial pelvic reduction in threespine stickleback sampled from 179 lakes around Cook Inlet, Alaska is strongly associated both with an absence of predatory fishes and a low calcium concentration. However, the association of pelvic reduction with low calcium concentration appears to be contingent on the absence of predatory fishes. These results emphasize the importance of interactions between seemingly unrelated environmental variables for selection of a single trait. However, these results also conflict with some observations elsewhere and do not rule out the possibility that other environmental factors are important for selection for pelvic reduction in threespine stickleback.

© 1993 The Society for the Study of Evolution.

Keywords: Adaptation; Gasterosteus aculeatus; calcium concentration; geographical variation; natural selection; postglacial differentiation; selective predation

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