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Winter J, Barbeau B, Bérubé P. Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance. Membranes (Basel). 2017;7(3)doi: 10.3390/membranes7030034.
Winter, J., Barbeau, B., & Bérubé, P. (2017). Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance. Membranes, 7(3), . https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes7030034
Winter, Joerg, et al. "Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance." Membranes vol. 7,3 (2017). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes7030034
Winter J, Barbeau B, Bérubé P. Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance. Membranes (Basel). 2017 Jul 02;7(3). doi: 10.3390/membranes7030034. PMID: 28671604; PMCID: PMC5618119.
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Membranes (Basel). 2017 Jul 02;7(3). doi: 10.3390/membranes7030034.

Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal-Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance.

Membranes

Joerg Winter, Benoit Barbeau, Pierre Bérubé

Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada. [email protected].
  2. Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. [email protected].
  3. Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada. [email protected].

PMID: 28671604 PMCID: PMC5618119 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030034

Abstract

Nanofiltration (NF) and tight ultrafiltration (tight UF) membranes are a viable treatment option for high quality drinking water production from sources with high concentrations of contaminants. To date, there is limited knowledge regarding the contribution of concentration polarization (CP) and fouling to the increase in resistance during filtration of natural organic matter (NOM) with NF and tight UF. Filtration tests were conducted with NF and tight UF membranes with molecular weight cut offs (MWCOs) of 300, 2000 and 8000 Da, and model raw waters containing different constituents of NOM. When filtering model raw waters containing high concentrations of polysaccharides (i.e., higher molecular weight NOM), the increase in resistance was dominated by fouling. When filtering model raw waters containing humic substances (i.e., lower molecular weight NOM), the increase in filtration resistance was dominated by CP. The results indicate that low MWCO membranes are better suited for NOM removal, because most of the NOM in surface waters consist mainly of humic substances, which were only effectively rejected by the lower MWCO membranes. However, when humic substances are effectively rejected, CP can become extensive, leading to a significant increase in filtration resistance by the formation of a cake/gel layer at the membrane surface. For this reason, cross-flow operation, which reduces CP, is recommended.

Keywords: concentration polarization; fouling; nanofiltration; natural organic matter; tight ultrafiltration

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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