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Trimigno A, Khakimov B, Mejia JLC, et al. Identification of weak and gender specific effects in a short 3 weeks intervention study using barley and oat mixed linkage β-glucan dietary supplements: a human fecal metabolome study by GC-MS. Metabolomics. 2017;13(10):108doi: 10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2.
Trimigno, A., Khakimov, B., Mejia, J. L. C., Mikkelsen, M. S., Kristensen, M., Jespersen, B. M., & Engelsen, S. B. (2017). Identification of weak and gender specific effects in a short 3 weeks intervention study using barley and oat mixed linkage β-glucan dietary supplements: a human fecal metabolome study by GC-MS. Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society, 13(10), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2
Trimigno, Alessia, et al. "Identification of weak and gender specific effects in a short 3 weeks intervention study using barley and oat mixed linkage β-glucan dietary supplements: a human fecal metabolome study by GC-MS." Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society vol. 13,10 (2017): 108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2
Trimigno A, Khakimov B, Mejia JLC, Mikkelsen MS, Kristensen M, Jespersen BM, Engelsen SB. Identification of weak and gender specific effects in a short 3 weeks intervention study using barley and oat mixed linkage β-glucan dietary supplements: a human fecal metabolome study by GC-MS. Metabolomics. 2017;13(10):108. doi: 10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2. Epub 2017 Aug 18. PMID: 28867988; PMCID: PMC5562775.
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Metabolomics. 2017;13(10):108. doi: 10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2. Epub 2017 Aug 18.

Identification of weak and gender specific effects in a short 3 weeks intervention study using barley and oat mixed linkage β-glucan dietary supplements: a human fecal metabolome study by GC-MS.

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society

Alessia Trimigno, Bekzod Khakimov, Josue Leonardo Castro Mejia, Mette Skau Mikkelsen, Mette Kristensen, Birthe Møller Jespersen, Søren Balling Engelsen

Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
  2. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy.
  3. Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

PMID: 28867988 PMCID: PMC5562775 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-017-1247-2

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Mixed-linkage (1→3),(1→4)-β-d-glucans (BG) reduce cholesterol level and insulin response in humans. Despite this, their role in human metabolism and a mode of action remains largely unknown.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of three structurally different BG on human fecal metabolome in a full cross-over intervention using GC-MS metabolomics.

METHODS: Over three weeks of intervention, young healthy adults received food supplemented with BG from oat, two different BG from barley or a non-fiber control in a full cross-over design. Untargeted metabolomics and short chain fatty acid analysis was performed on day three fecal samples. ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis was applied to partition the data variation according to the study design, and PLS-DA was used to select most discriminative metabolite markers.

RESULTS: Univariate and multivariate data analysis revealed a dominating effect of inter-individual variances followed by a gender effect. Weak effects of BG intake were identified including an increased level of gamma-amino-butyrate and palmitoleic acid in males and a decreased level of enterolactone in females. Barley and oat derived BG were found to influence the human fecal metabolome differently. Barley BG increased the relative level of formate in males and isobutyrate, isovalerate, 2-methylbutyrate in females. In total 15, 3 and 11 human fecal metabolites were significantly different between control vs. BG, control vs. oat BG, and barley BG vs. oat BG, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The study show that human fecal metabolome largely reflects individual (∼28% variation) and gender (∼15% variation) differences, whereas the treatment effect of the BG (∼8% variation) only manifests in a few key metabolites (primarily by the metabolites: d-2-aminobutyric acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid and 11-eicosenoic acid).

Keywords: ASCA; Chemometrics; Fecal metabolome (GC-MS); Mixed linkage β-glucan; Short chain fatty acids

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