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Front Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 23;8:556. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00556. eCollection 2017.

Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Signaling and Actions in the Cardiovascular System.

Frontiers in pharmacology

Alessandro Cannavo, Daniela Liccardo, Klara Komici, Graziamaria Corbi, Claudio de Lucia, Grazia D Femminella, Andrea Elia, Leonardo Bencivenga, Nicola Ferrara, Walter J Koch, Nazareno Paolocci, Giuseppe Rengo

Affiliations

  1. Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States.
  2. Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy.
  3. Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of MoliseCampobasso, Italy.
  4. Imperial College LondonLondon, United Kingdom.
  5. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy.
  6. Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, BaltimoreMD, United States.
  7. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy.

PMID: 28878674 PMCID: PMC5572949 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00556

Abstract

The sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) catalyze the phosphorylation of the lipid, sphingosine, generating the signal transmitter, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The activation of such kinases and the subsequent S1P generation and secretion in the blood serum of mammals represent a major checkpoint in many cellular signaling cascades. In fact, activating the SphK/S1P system is critical for cell motility and proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cell growth, survival, and response to stress. In the cardiovascular system, the physiological effects of S1P intervene through the binding and activation of a family of five highly selective G protein-coupled receptors, called S1PR

Keywords: G protein-coupled receptors; cardiovascular; fingolimod; gene-therapy; heart failure; sphingosine 1-phosphate; sphingosine kinase

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