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Page JS, Reynolds JG, Ely TM, et al. Development of a carbonate crust on alkaline nuclear waste sludge at the Hanford site. J Hazard Mater. 2017;342:375-382doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033.
Page, J. S., Reynolds, J. G., Ely, T. M., & Cooke, G. A. (2018). Development of a carbonate crust on alkaline nuclear waste sludge at the Hanford site. Journal of hazardous materials, 342375-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033
Page, Jason S, et al. "Development of a carbonate crust on alkaline nuclear waste sludge at the Hanford site." Journal of hazardous materials vol. 342 (2018): 375-382. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033
Page JS, Reynolds JG, Ely TM, Cooke GA. Development of a carbonate crust on alkaline nuclear waste sludge at the Hanford site. J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jan 15;342:375-382. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033. Epub 2017 Aug 18. PMID: 28850915.
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J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jan 15;342:375-382. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033. Epub 2017 Aug 18.

Development of a carbonate crust on alkaline nuclear waste sludge at the Hanford site.

Journal of hazardous materials

Jason S Page, Jacob G Reynolds, Tom M Ely, Gary A Cooke

Affiliations

  1. Washington River Protection Solutions LLC, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Washington River Protection Solutions LLC, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.

PMID: 28850915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.033

Abstract

Hard crusts on aging plutonium production waste have hindered the remediation of the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington, USA. In this study, samples were analyzed to determine the cause of a hard crust that developed on the highly radioactive sludge during 20 years of inactivity in one of the underground tanks (tank 241-C-105). Samples recently taken from the crust were compared with those acquired before the crust appeared. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that aluminum and uranium phases at the surface had converted from (hydr)oxides (gibbsite and clarkeite) into carbonates (dawsonite and cejkaite) and identified trona as the cementing phase, a bicarbonate that formed at the expense of thermonatrite. Since trona is more stable at lower pH values than thermonatrite, the pH of the surface decreased over time, suggesting that CO

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Carbonate crust; Cejkaite; Clarkeite; Hanford Site; Trona

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