Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2018 Mar;31(3):395-402. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0515. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
Effect of inclusion level and adaptation duration on digestible energy and nutrient digestibility in palm kernel meal fed to growing-finishing pigs.
Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences
Chengfei Huang, Shuai Zhang, Hans Henrik Stein, Jinbiao Zhao, Defa Li, Changhua Lai
Affiliations
Affiliations
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
PMID: 28920411
PMCID: PMC5838345 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0515
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: An experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of inclusion level of palm kernel meal (PKM) and adaptation duration on the digestible energy (DE) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of chemical constituents in diets fed to growing-finishing pigs.
METHODS: Thirty crossbred barrows (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) with an average initial body weight of 85.0±2.1 kg were fed 5 diets in a completely randomized design. The diets included a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 4 additional diets in which corn and soybean meal were partly replaced by 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% PKM. After 7 d of adaptation to the experimental diets, feces were collected from d 8 to 12, d 15 to 19, d 22 to 26, and d 29 to 33, respectively.
RESULTS: The DE and ATTD of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), ash, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and crude protein (CP) in diets decreased linearly as the dietary PKM increased within each adaptation duration (p< 0.01). Diet containing 19.5% PKM had less DE value and ATTD of all detected items compared with other diets when fed to pigs for 14 days (p<0.05). The ATTD of CP in PKM calculated by 19.5% and 39.0% linearly increased as adaptation duration prolonged from 7 to 28 days (p<0 .01).
CONCLUSION: Inclusion level of PKM and adaptation duration had an interactive effect on DE and the ATTD of GE, DM, OM, and CP (p<0.01 or 0.05) but ash, NDF, and ADF in diet (p> 0.05). Considering a stable determination, 21 days of adaptation to a diet containing 19.5% PKM is needed in pigs and a longer adaptation time is recommended as dietary PKM increases.
Keywords: Adaptation Duration; Digestibility; Digestible Energy; Growing-finishing Pig; Inclusion Level; Palm Kernel Meal
References
- J Anim Sci. 2013 Mar;91(3):1391-9 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2015 Dec 23;6:56 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 2014 Jun;92(6):2473-80 - PubMed
- Poult Sci. 2000 Jan;79(1):77-9 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 2012 Dec;90 Suppl 4:140-2 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2013 Apr 15;4(1):17 - PubMed
- J AOAC Int. 2002 Mar-Apr;85(2):309-17 - PubMed
- Br J Nutr. 1993 Sep;70(2):557-66 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 1994 Sep;72(9):2362-8 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 2010 Apr;88(4):1454-62 - PubMed
- J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):134-9 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 2007 Apr;85(4):976-83 - PubMed
- J Anim Sci. 2013 Jul;91(7):3231-43 - PubMed
- Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2017 Apr;30(4):554-561 - PubMed
- Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015 Jun;28(6):847-54 - PubMed
- J Dairy Sci. 1991 Oct;74(10):3583-97 - PubMed
Publication Types