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Wu DW, Chang WA, Liu KT, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor and protein level in pleural effusion for differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusion. Oncol Lett. 2017;14(3):3657-3662doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6631.
Wu, D. W., Chang, W. A., Liu, K. T., Yen, M. C., & Kuo, P. L. (2017). Vascular endothelial growth factor and protein level in pleural effusion for differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusion. Oncology letters, 14(3), 3657-3662. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6631
Wu, Da-Wei, et al. "Vascular endothelial growth factor and protein level in pleural effusion for differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusion." Oncology letters vol. 14,3 (2017): 3657-3662. doi: https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6631
Wu DW, Chang WA, Liu KT, Yen MC, Kuo PL. Vascular endothelial growth factor and protein level in pleural effusion for differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusion. Oncol Lett. 2017 Sep;14(3):3657-3662. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6631. Epub 2017 Jul 20. PMID: 28927127; PMCID: PMC5587994.
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Oncol Lett. 2017 Sep;14(3):3657-3662. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6631. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

Vascular endothelial growth factor and protein level in pleural effusion for differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusion.

Oncology letters

Da-Wei Wu, Wei-An Chang, Kuan-Ting Liu, Meng-Chi Yen, Po-Lin Kuo

Affiliations

  1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  4. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  5. Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C.

PMID: 28927127 PMCID: PMC5587994 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6631

Abstract

Pleural effusion is associated with multiple benign and malignant conditions. Currently no biomarkers differentiate malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and benign pleural effusion (BPE) sensitively and specifically. The present study identified a novel combination of biomarkers in pleural effusion for differentiating MPE from BPE by enrolling 75 patients, 34 with BPE and 41 with MPE. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, protein, and total cell, neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts in the pleural effusion were measured. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon γ, transforming growth factor-β1, colony stimulating factor 2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected using cytometric bead arrays. Protein and VEGF levels differed significantly between patients with BPE and those with MPE. The optimal cutoff value of VEGF and protein was 214 pg/ml and 3.35 g/dl respectively, according to the receiver operating characteristic curve. A combination of VEGF >214 pg/ml and protein >3.35 g/dl in pleural effusion presented a sensitivity of 92.6% and an accuracy of 78.6% for MPE, but was not associated with a decreased survival rate. These results suggested that this novel combination strategy may provide useful biomarkers for predicting MPE and facilitating early diagnosis.

Keywords: breast cancer; cytokines; lung cancer; pleural effusion; total protein; vascular endothelial growth factor

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