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Webb ES, Liu P, Baleeiro R, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy. J Biomed Res. 2018;32(5):317-326doi: 10.7555/JBR.31.20160168.
Webb, E. S., Liu, P., Baleeiro, R., Lemoine, N. R., Yuan, M., & Wang, Y. H. (2018). Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy. Journal of biomedical research, 32(5), 317-326. https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.31.20160168
Webb, Eika S, et al. "Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy." Journal of biomedical research vol. 32,5 (2018): 317-326. doi: https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.31.20160168
Webb ES, Liu P, Baleeiro R, Lemoine NR, Yuan M, Wang YH. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy. J Biomed Res. 2018 Sep 29;32(5):317-326. doi: 10.7555/JBR.31.20160168. PMID: 28866656; PMCID: PMC6163118.
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J Biomed Res. 2018 Sep 29;32(5):317-326. doi: 10.7555/JBR.31.20160168.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy.

Journal of biomedical research

Eika S Webb, Peng Liu, Renato Baleeiro, Nicholas R Lemoine, Ming Yuan, Yao-He Wang

Affiliations

  1. Center for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
  2. Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Center for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Zhengzhou University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.

PMID: 28866656 PMCID: PMC6163118 DOI: 10.7555/JBR.31.20160168

Abstract

In recent years immune checkpoint inhibitors have garnered attention as being one of the most promising types of immunotherapy on the horizon. There has been particular focus on the immune checkpoint molecules, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) which have been shown to have potent immunomodulatory effects through their function as negative regulators of T cell activation. CTLA-4, through engagement with its ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), plays a pivotal role in attenuating the activation of naïve and memory T cells. In contrast, PD-1 is primarily involved in modulating T cell activity in peripheral tissues via its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2. The discovery of these negative regulators of the immune response was crucial in the development of checkpoint inhibitors. This shifted the focus from developing therapies that targeted activation of the host immune system against cancer to checkpoint inhibitors, which aimed to mediate tumor cell destruction through the removal of coinhibitory signals blocking anti-tumor T cell responses.

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