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De France KJ, Yager KG, Chan KJW, et al. Injectable Anisotropic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Direct in Situ Growth and Alignment of Myotubes. Nano Lett. 2017;17(10):6487-6495doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600.
De France, K. J., Yager, K. G., Chan, K. J. W., Corbett, B., Cranston, E. D., & Hoare, T. (2017). Injectable Anisotropic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Direct in Situ Growth and Alignment of Myotubes. Nano letters, 17(10), 6487-6495. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600
De France, Kevin J, et al. "Injectable Anisotropic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Direct in Situ Growth and Alignment of Myotubes." Nano letters vol. 17,10 (2017): 6487-6495. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600
De France KJ, Yager KG, Chan KJW, Corbett B, Cranston ED, Hoare T. Injectable Anisotropic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Direct in Situ Growth and Alignment of Myotubes. Nano Lett. 2017 Oct 11;17(10):6487-6495. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600. Epub 2017 Sep 29. PMID: 28956933.
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Nano Lett. 2017 Oct 11;17(10):6487-6495. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600. Epub 2017 Sep 29.

Injectable Anisotropic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Direct in Situ Growth and Alignment of Myotubes.

Nano letters

Kevin J De France, Kevin G Yager, Katelyn J W Chan, Brandon Corbett, Emily D Cranston, Todd Hoare

Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada.
  2. Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973, United States.

PMID: 28956933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03600

Abstract

While injectable in situ cross-linking hydrogels have attracted increasing attention as minimally invasive tissue scaffolds and controlled delivery systems, their inherently disorganized and isotropic network structure limits their utility in engineering oriented biological tissues. Traditional methods to prepare anisotropic hydrogels are not easily translatable to injectable systems given the need for external equipment to direct anisotropic gel fabrication and/or the required use of temperatures or solvents incompatible with biological systems. Herein, we report a new class of injectable nanocomposite hydrogels based on hydrazone cross-linked poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) and magnetically aligned cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) capable of encapsulating skeletal muscle myoblasts and promoting their differentiation into highly oriented myotubes in situ. CNC alignment occurs on the same time scale as network gelation and remains fixed after the removal of the magnetic field, enabling concurrent CNC orientation and hydrogel injection. The aligned hydrogels show mechanical and swelling profiles that can be rationally modulated by the degree of CNC alignment and can direct myotube alignment both in two- and three-dimensions following coinjection of the myoblasts with the gel precursor components. As such, these hydrogels represent a critical advancement in anisotropic biomimetic scaffolds that can be generated noninvasively in vivo following simple injection.

Keywords: Muscle tissue engineering; anisotropic hydrogels; cellulose nanocrystals; injectable hydrogels; magnetic alignment; nanocomposite biomaterials

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