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Plant Syst Evol. 2017;303(8):1093-1108. doi: 10.1007/s00606-017-1435-6. Epub 2017 Jul 06.

Pathways to polyploidy: indications of a female triploid bridge in the alpine species .

Plant systematics and evolution = Entwicklungsgeschichte und Systematik der Pflanzen

Christoph C F Schinkel, Bernhard Kirchheimer, Stefan Dullinger, Danny Geelen, Nico De Storme, Elvira Hörandl

Affiliations

  1. Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants (with Herbarium), University of Goettingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
  2. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
  3. Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

PMID: 29081576 PMCID: PMC5640749 DOI: 10.1007/s00606-017-1435-6

Abstract

Polyploidy is one of the most important evolutionary processes in plants. In natural populations, polyploids usually emerge from unreduced gametes which either fuse with reduced ones, resulting in triploid offspring (triploid bridge), or with other unreduced gametes, resulting in tetraploid embryos. The frequencies of these two pathways, and male versus female gamete contributions, however, are largely unexplored.

Keywords: Apomixis; Flow cytometric seed screen; Pollen size; Polyploidy; Ranunculus kuepferi; Triploid bridge

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