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Oncotarget. 2017 Aug 11;8(46):81591-81603. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.20189. eCollection 2017 Oct 06.

Porphyrin photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy and its applications.

Oncotarget

Jiayuan Kou, Dou Dou, Liming Yang

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
  3. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China.

PMID: 29113417 PMCID: PMC5655312 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20189

Abstract

In 1841, the extraction of hematoporphyrin from dried blood by removing iron marked the birth of the photosensitizer. The last twenty years has witnessed extensive research in the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in tumor-bearing (or other diseases) animal models and patients. The period has seen development of photosensitizers from the first to the third generation, and their evolution from simple to more complex entities. This review focuses on porphyrin photosensitizers and their effect on tumors, mediated via several pathways involved in cell necrosis, apoptosis or autophagic cell death, and the preventive and therapeutic application of PDT against atherosclerosis.

Keywords: application; photodynamic therapy; porphyrin photosensitizers; tumor

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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