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Nakae H, Takahashi G, Sato R, et al. Determination of β-d-glucan and endotoxin levels in Kampo extracts. Acute Med Surg. 2014;2(2):77-81doi: 10.1002/ams2.70.
Nakae, H., Takahashi, G., Sato, R., Shibata, S., & Endo, S. (2015). Determination of β-d-glucan and endotoxin levels in Kampo extracts. Acute medicine & surgery, 2(2), 77-81. https://doi.org/10.1002/ams2.70
Nakae, Hajime, et al. "Determination of β-d-glucan and endotoxin levels in Kampo extracts." Acute medicine & surgery vol. 2,2 (2015): 77-81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ams2.70
Nakae H, Takahashi G, Sato R, Shibata S, Endo S. Determination of β-d-glucan and endotoxin levels in Kampo extracts. Acute Med Surg. 2014 Oct 01;2(2):77-81. doi: 10.1002/ams2.70. eCollection 2015 Apr. PMID: 29123698; PMCID: PMC5667204.
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Acute Med Surg. 2014 Oct 01;2(2):77-81. doi: 10.1002/ams2.70. eCollection 2015 Apr.

Determination of β-d-glucan and endotoxin levels in Kampo extracts.

Acute medicine & surgery

Hajime Nakae, Gaku Takahashi, Ryo Sato, Shigehiro Shibata, Shigeatsu Endo

Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan.
  2. Department of Critical Care Medicine School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan.

PMID: 29123698 PMCID: PMC5667204 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.70

Abstract

AIMS: Kampo medicine is based on the use of established formulations combining natural extracts with no "brand-name" products or corresponding "generic" formulation. Due to differences in manufacturing practices, products of different pharmaceutical companies may contain different concentrations of β-d-glucan and endotoxins. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of β-d-glucan and endotoxins in five Kampo extracts from four pharmaceutical companies.

METHODS: Packages of Kampo extracts were dissolved in distilled water. β-d-Glucan and endotoxin concentrations were measured using high-sensitivity kinetic turbidimetric Limulus assay.

RESULTS: All Kampo extracts examined in this study were found to contain detectable concentrations of β-d-glucan and endotoxins. Significant differences in the concentration of β-d-glucan and endotoxins (

CONCLUSIONS: High β-d-glucan and endotoxin contents were detected in Kampo extracts, with a large variability in the concentrations of both β-d-glucan and endotoxins among extracts from different pharmaceutical companies.

Keywords: Endotoxins; Japanese traditional herbal medicine; Kampo formulations; Limulus assay; β‐d‐glucans

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