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Khatami F, Tavangar SM. Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Iran Biomed J. 2017;22(3):142-50doi: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.142.
Khatami, F., & Tavangar, S. M. (2018). Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Iranian biomedical journal, 22(3), 142-50. https://doi.org/10.22034/ibj.22.3.142
Khatami, Fatemeh, and Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad. "Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer." Iranian biomedical journal vol. 22,3 (2018): 142-50. doi: https://doi.org/10.22034/ibj.22.3.142
Khatami F, Tavangar SM. Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Iran Biomed J. 2018 May 01;22(3):142-50. doi: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.142. Epub 2017 Nov 11. PMID: 29126344; PMCID: PMC5889499.
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Iran Biomed J. 2018 May 01;22(3):142-50. doi: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.142. Epub 2017 Nov 11.

Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Iranian biomedical journal

Fatemeh Khatami, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar

Affiliations

  1. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  2. Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 29126344 PMCID: PMC5889499 DOI: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.142

Abstract

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an infrequent, calcitonin producing neuroendocrine tumor and initiates from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations are collaterally responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis. In this review article, we shed light on all the genetic and epigenetic hallmarks of MTC. From the genetic perspective, RET, HRAS, and KRAS are the most important genes that are characterized in MTC. From the epigenetic perspective, Ras-association domain family member 1A, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter methylations, overexpression of histone methyltransferases, EZH2 and SMYD3, and wide ranging increase and decrease in non-coding RNAs can be responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis.

Keywords: Thyroid carcinoma; Genetic markers; Proto-oncogene

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