J Endocr Soc. 2017 Apr 25;1(5):524-537. doi: 10.1210/js.2017-00044. eCollection 2017 May 01.

Body Mass Index and Incident Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Young Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of the Endocrine Society

Ali Abbasi, Dorota Juszczyk, Cornelia H M van Jaarsveld, Martin C Gulliford

PMID: 29264507 PMCID: PMC5686575 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00044

Abstract

CONTEXT: Little is known about the association between obesity and temporal trends in the incidence of diabetes in children and young adults.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the recent incidence of types 1 and 2 diabetes in relation to a high body mass index (BMI) in UK children and young adults.

DESIGN: Cohort and nested case-control.

SETTING: A total of 375 general practices that contribute to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 369,362 participants aged 2 to 15 years at BMI measurement in CPRD from 1994 to 2013.

INTERVENTION: None.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incident type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnoses up to age 25 years.

RESULTS: A total of 654 incident cases of T2D and 1318 T1D cases were found. The incidence of T2D per 100,000 persons annually increased from 6.4 in 1994 to 1998 to 33.2 in 2009 to 2013; and that for T1D increased from 38.2 to 52.1 per 100,000 persons during the same period. The incidence of T2D increased in both overweight (85th to 95th percentile for age- and sex-specific BMI;

CONCLUSIONS: Increasing obesity has contributed to the increasing incidence of T2D but not T1D among UK children and young adults, with a fourfold greater risk of developing T2D in obese individuals.

Keywords: adolescence; body mass index; children; diabetes; epidemiology; obesity

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