Display options
Share it on

Int J Integr Care. 2017 Nov 13;17(6):4. doi: 10.5334/ijic.3931.

Indicators and Measurement Tools for Health Systems Integration: A Knowledge Synthesis.

International journal of integrated care

Esther Suter, Nelly D Oelke, Maria Alice Dias da Silva Lima, Michelle Stiphout, Robert Janke, Regina Rigatto Witt, Cheryl Van Vliet-Brown, Kaela Schill, Mahnoush Rostami, Shelanne Hepp, Arden Birney, Fatima Al-Roubaiai, Giselda Quintana Marques

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, CA.
  2. Workforce Research and Evaluation, Alberta Health Services (AHS), CA.
  3. School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Okanagan (UBCO), CA.
  4. School of Nursing, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), BR.
  5. University of British Columbia, Okanagan (UBCO), CA.
  6. British Columbia Patient Safety and Quality Council (BCPSQC), CA.

PMID: 29588637 PMCID: PMC5854167 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.3931

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite far reaching support for integrated care, conceptualizing and measuring integrated care remains challenging. This knowledge synthesis aimed to identify indicator domains and tools to measure progress towards integrated care.

METHODS: We used an established framework and a Delphi survey with integration experts to identify relevant measurement domains. For each domain, we searched and reviewed the literature for relevant tools.

FINDINGS: From 7,133 abstracts, we retrieved 114 unique tools. We found many quality tools to measure care coordination, patient engagement and team effectiveness/performance. In contrast, there were few tools in the domains of performance measurement and information systems, alignment of organizational goals and resource allocation. The search yielded 12 tools that measure overall integration or three or more indicator domains.

DISCUSSION: Our findings highlight a continued gap in tools to measure foundational components that support integrated care. In the absence of such targeted tools, "overall integration" tools may be useful for a broad assessment of the overall state of a system.

CONCLUSIONS: Continued progress towards integrated care depends on our ability to evaluate the success of strategies across different levels and context. This study has identified 114 tools that measure integrated care across 16 domains, supporting efforts towards a unified measurement framework.

Keywords: Integration; knowledge synthesis; measurement instruments; performance measurement; tools

References

  1. Med Care. 1999 Mar;37(3 Suppl):MS22-31 - PubMed
  2. Hosp Health Serv Adm. 1993 Winter;38(4):467-89 - PubMed
  3. J Healthc Manag. 1998 May-Jun;43(3):242-61; discussion 261-2 - PubMed
  4. Pediatrics. 2000 Apr;105(4 Pt 2):998-1003 - PubMed
  5. J Eval Clin Pract. 2001 Feb;7(1):71-9 - PubMed
  6. Aust Fam Physician. 2001 Feb;30(2):182-8 - PubMed
  7. Health Expect. 1998 Nov;1(2):82-95 - PubMed
  8. Int J Qual Health Care. 2001 Apr;13(2):109-16 - PubMed
  9. AIDS Public Policy J. 2000 Spring;15(1):29-42 - PubMed
  10. AIDS Care. 2001 Oct;13(5):651-61 - PubMed
  11. BMJ. 2001 Oct 20;323(7318):908-11 - PubMed
  12. Qual Manag Health Care. 2002 Winter;10(2):1-11 - PubMed
  13. Clin Nurs Res. 2001 Aug;10(3):314-31 - PubMed
  14. Fam Pract. 2002 Jun;19(3):257-63 - PubMed
  15. Behav Med. 2001 Fall;27(3):111-20 - PubMed
  16. Health Serv Res. 2002 Jun;37(3):791-820 - PubMed
  17. Jt Comm J Qual Improv. 2002 Sep;28(9):472-93 - PubMed
  18. J Healthc Manag. 2002 Jul-Aug;47(4):250-61 - PubMed
  19. Int J Qual Health Care. 2002 Oct;14(5):353-8 - PubMed
  20. Qual Saf Health Care. 2003 Apr;12(2):93-9 - PubMed
  21. Ambul Pediatr. 2003 Jul-Aug;3(4):173-80 - PubMed
  22. Patient Educ Couns. 2003 Jul;50(3):311-22 - PubMed
  23. Int J Qual Health Care. 2003 Aug;15(4):309-18 - PubMed
  24. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 Sep;84(9):1332-8 - PubMed
  25. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;18(10):887-93 - PubMed
  26. Med Care Res Rev. 2003 Dec;60(4 Suppl):95S-129S - PubMed
  27. Med Care. 2004 May;42(5):472-81 - PubMed
  28. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2004 Jul-Sep;31(3):279-96 - PubMed
  29. J Stud Alcohol. 2004 Jul;65(4):513-20 - PubMed
  30. Fam Pract. 2004 Dec;21(6):699-705 - PubMed
  31. Med Care. 2005 Mar;43(3):246-55 - PubMed
  32. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2005 Jan-Feb;22(1):26-31 - PubMed
  33. Med Care. 2005 May;43(5):436-44 - PubMed
  34. J Palliat Med. 2005 Aug;8(4):808-16 - PubMed
  35. Health Care Manag (Frederick). 2005 Jul-Sep;24(3):216-24 - PubMed
  36. Ann Fam Med. 2005 Sep-Oct;3(5):436-42 - PubMed
  37. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;21(1):77-85 - PubMed
  38. Health Commun. 1998;10(3):261-88 - PubMed
  39. J Gen Intern Med. 2006 Jan;21(1):13-21 - PubMed
  40. Int J Integr Care. 2004;4:e03 - PubMed
  41. Int J Integr Care. 2004;4:e05 - PubMed
  42. Am J Health Promot. 2006 Jul-Aug;20(6):429-35 - PubMed
  43. Patient Educ Couns. 2006 Nov;63(3):319-27 - PubMed
  44. Int J Integr Care. 2002;2:e12 - PubMed
  45. Int J Integr Care. 2002;2:e02 - PubMed
  46. Can Fam Physician. 2005 Aug;51:1104-5 - PubMed
  47. World J Surg. 2006 Oct;30(10):1774-83 - PubMed
  48. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Mar;22(3):211-7 - PubMed
  49. Head Neck. 2007 Apr;29(4):378-86 - PubMed
  50. Med Educ. 2007 Feb;41(2):123-9 - PubMed
  51. Eur J Cancer. 2007 May;43(8):1257-64 - PubMed
  52. Health Serv Res. 2007 Jun;42(3 Pt 1):1235-56 - PubMed
  53. Health Serv Manage Res. 2007 Aug;20(3):189-202 - PubMed
  54. J Health Organ Manag. 2007;21(3):297-306 - PubMed
  55. Int J Integr Care. 2007 Dec 03;7:e46 - PubMed
  56. BMC Health Serv Res. 2007 Dec 17;7:204 - PubMed
  57. Mil Med. 2008 Jan;173(1):85-90 - PubMed
  58. Med Care. 2008 Mar;46(3):317-22 - PubMed
  59. J Psychiatr Pract. 2008 May;14 Suppl 2:55-64 - PubMed
  60. BMJ. 2008 Aug 07;337:a867 - PubMed
  61. Med Care. 1991 Aug;29(8):709-26 - PubMed
  62. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008 Sep-Oct;27(5):1246-58 - PubMed
  63. J Gen Intern Med. 2009 Feb;24(2):162-9 - PubMed
  64. Eur J Cancer. 2009 Jun;45(9):1569-77 - PubMed
  65. Int J Integr Care. 2009;9:e01 - PubMed
  66. Med Care. 2009 Jun;47(6):686-94 - PubMed
  67. Patient Educ Couns. 2010 Jan;78(1):130-3 - PubMed
  68. Int J Integr Care. 2009 Jun 17;9:e82 - PubMed
  69. J Pediatr Psychol. 2011 Mar;36(2):160-71 - PubMed
  70. Healthc Q. 2009;13 Spec No:16-23 - PubMed
  71. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009 Aug 1;103 Suppl 1:S54-S64 - PubMed
  72. Patient Educ Couns. 2011 Jan;82(1):81-8 - PubMed
  73. Cad Saude Publica. 2010 Mar;26(3):523-34 - PubMed
  74. Soc Sci Med. 2010 Jul;71(2):394-399 - PubMed
  75. Med Care Res Rev. 2011 Feb;68(1):112-27 - PubMed
  76. Can Fam Physician. 2010 Aug;56(8):e308-14 - PubMed
  77. Implement Sci. 2010 Sep 20;5:69 - PubMed
  78. J Interprof Care. 2011 May;25(3):189-95 - PubMed
  79. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Apr 1;29(10):1280-9 - PubMed
  80. Int J Integr Care. 2011 Jan;11:e011 - PubMed
  81. Implement Sci. 2011 Jul 27;6:83 - PubMed
  82. PLoS Med. 2010 Aug;8(8):e1001069 - PubMed
  83. J Gen Intern Med. 2011 Dec;26(12):1418-25 - PubMed
  84. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2012;180:995-9 - PubMed
  85. J Gen Intern Med. 1990 Jan-Feb;5(1):29-33 - PubMed
  86. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012 Nov;31(11):2485-92 - PubMed
  87. Med Care Res Rev. 2013 Apr;70(2):143-64 - PubMed
  88. Int J Integr Care. 2011 Jul;11:e081 - PubMed
  89. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013 Mar 28;13:119 - PubMed
  90. J Clin Nurs. 2014 Feb;23(3-4):482-91 - PubMed
  91. Int J Integr Care. 2012 Oct 01;12:e194 - PubMed
  92. Int J Integr Care. 2013 Mar 22;13:e010 - PubMed
  93. Int J Integr Care. 2013 Mar 22;13:e011 - PubMed
  94. J Prim Care Community Health. 2010 Jul 1;1(2):88-92 - PubMed
  95. Front Health Serv Manage. 2013 Summer;29(4):3-16 - PubMed
  96. Qual Prim Care. 2013;21(3):149-55 - PubMed
  97. Healthc Policy. 2013 May;8(4):56-70 - PubMed
  98. Patient Educ Couns. 2013 Nov;93(2):265-71 - PubMed
  99. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2014 Sep;41(5):668-86 - PubMed
  100. Healthc Q. 2013;16(4):61-7 - PubMed
  101. Int J Qual Health Care. 2014 Apr;26 Suppl 1:36-46 - PubMed
  102. Int J Qual Health Care. 2014 Oct;26(5):561-70 - PubMed
  103. Cad Saude Publica. 2014 Jul;30(7):1385-90 - PubMed
  104. Health Aff (Millwood). 2014 Sep;33(9):1549-58 - PubMed
  105. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014 Oct 04;14:479 - PubMed
  106. Med Care. 2014 Dec;52(12):1037-41 - PubMed
  107. J Oncol Pract. 2015 Jan;11(1):e36-43 - PubMed
  108. Int J Integr Care. 2014 Sep 25;14:e027 - PubMed
  109. J Interprof Care. 2015 May;29(3):245-52 - PubMed
  110. Int J Integr Care. 2015 Mar 04;15:e003 - PubMed
  111. BMC Fam Pract. 2015 Jul 22;16:87 - PubMed
  112. Implement Sci. 2016 Nov 8;11(1):148 - PubMed
  113. Milbank Q. 2016 Dec;94(4):862-917 - PubMed
  114. Int J Integr Care. 2016 Oct 17;16(3):18 - PubMed
  115. Health Care Manage Rev. 1994 Summer;19(3):7-20 - PubMed
  116. Med Decis Making. 1995 Jan-Mar;15(1):25-30 - PubMed
  117. Milbank Q. 1994;72(1):49-80 - PubMed
  118. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 8;156(13):1414-20 - PubMed
  119. Med Decis Making. 1996 Jan-Mar;16(1):58-64 - PubMed
  120. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1996 Sep;38(9):757-72 - PubMed
  121. Milbank Q. 1996;74(4):511-44 - PubMed
  122. Psychiatr Serv. 1997 Mar;48(3):374-80 - PubMed
  123. J Fam Pract. 1997 Jul;45(1):64-74 - PubMed
  124. Med Care. 1998 May;36(5):728-39 - PubMed
  125. Br J Clin Psychol. 1998 May;37 ( Pt 2):155-72 - PubMed
  126. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1998 Oct;32(5):666-72 - PubMed

Publication Types