Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is a rescue treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) failing protective mechanical ventilation. It temporarily provides proper gas exchange: hypoxia is treated by adjusting the blood flow rate and fraction in spired oxygen over the ventilator (FiO
Conflicts of Interest: LM Broman, MV Malfertheiner and F Pappalardo are members of the independent research consortium European ECMO Advisory Board, the EuroELSO Workgroup for Innovative Technologies,