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Bello-Morales R, López-Guerrero JA. Extracellular Vesicles in Herpes Viral Spread and Immune Evasion. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:2572doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572.
Bello-Morales, R., & López-Guerrero, J. A. (2018). Extracellular Vesicles in Herpes Viral Spread and Immune Evasion. Frontiers in microbiology, 92572. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572
Bello-Morales, Raquel, and López-Guerrero, José Antonio. "Extracellular Vesicles in Herpes Viral Spread and Immune Evasion." Frontiers in microbiology vol. 9 (2018): 2572. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572
Bello-Morales R, López-Guerrero JA. Extracellular Vesicles in Herpes Viral Spread and Immune Evasion. Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 25;9:2572. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572. eCollection 2018. PMID: 30410480; PMCID: PMC6209645.
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Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 25;9:2572. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572. eCollection 2018.

Extracellular Vesicles in Herpes Viral Spread and Immune Evasion.

Frontiers in microbiology

Raquel Bello-Morales, José Antonio López-Guerrero

Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
  2. Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.

PMID: 30410480 PMCID: PMC6209645 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in numerous processes during infections by both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Among them, herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) modulates secretory pathways, allowing EVs to exit infected cells. Many characteristics regarding the mechanisms of viral spread are still unidentified, and as such, secreted vesicles are promising candidates due to their role in intercellular communications during viral infection. Another relevant role for EVs is to protect virions from the action of neutralizing antibodies, thus increasing their stability within the host during hematogenous spread. Recent studies have suggested the participation of EVs in HSV-1 spread, wherein virion-containing microvesicles (MVs) released by infected cells were endocytosed by naïve cells, leading to a productive infection. This suggests that HSV-1 might use MVs to expand its tropism and evade the host immune response. In this review, we briefly describe the current knowledge about the involvement of EVs in viral infections in general, with a specific focus on recent research into their role in HSV-1 spread. Implications of the autophagic pathway in the biogenesis and secretion of EVs will also be discussed.

Keywords: HSV-1; autophagy; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; immune evasion; microvesicles; viral spread

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