Display options
Share it on

Nutr Metab Insights. 2018 May 08;11:1178638818773072. doi: 10.1177/1178638818773072. eCollection 2018.

Diet-Induced Hyperinsulinemia as a Key Factor in the Etiology of Both Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Essential Hypertension?.

Nutrition and metabolic insights

Wolfgang Kopp

Affiliations

  1. Former head of the Diagnostikzentrum Graz, Graz, Austria.

PMID: 30455570 PMCID: PMC6238249 DOI: 10.1177/1178638818773072

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension are common age-related comorbidities. Although the etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is still largely unresolved and poorly understood, a significant age-independent association was found between BPH and hypertension, indicating a common pathophysiological factor for both diseases. It has previously been suggested that the development of essential hypertension may be related to diet-induced hyperinsulinemia. This study follows the question, whether BPH may develop due to the same mechanism, thereby explaining the well-known comorbidity of these 2 disorders. The scientific evidence presented shows that BPH and hypertension share the same pathophysiological changes, with hyperinsulinemia as the driving force. It further shows that significant dietary changes during human history cause disruption of a finely tuned metabolic balance that has evolved over millions of years of evolution: high-insulinemic food, typical of current "Western" diets, has the potential to cause hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as an abnormally increased activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, alterations that play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of BPH and hypertension.

Keywords: BPH; RAAS; SNS; diet; etiology; hypertension; insulin resistance hyperinsulinemia; pathomechanism

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests:The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

References

  1. Circ Res. 2014 May 23;114(11):1804-14 - PubMed
  2. Semin Nephrol. 2002 Jan;22(1):3-16 - PubMed
  3. Metabolism. 1999 Apr;48(4):465-71 - PubMed
  4. Eur Urol. 2001 Feb;39(2):151-8 - PubMed
  5. J Clin Invest. 1983 Jun;71(6):1523-35 - PubMed
  6. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Oct;21(10):610-8 - PubMed
  7. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Jul 3;94(13):972-80 - PubMed
  8. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 Dec;44(6):847-56 - PubMed
  9. Diabetes. 1981 Mar;30(3):219-25 - PubMed
  10. Hypertension. 1994 Jan;23(1 Suppl):I12-5 - PubMed
  11. Metabolism. 2003 Nov;52(11):1426-32 - PubMed
  12. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2017 May;1863(5):1106-1114 - PubMed
  13. Physiol Rev. 2006 Jul;86(3):747-803 - PubMed
  14. Postgrad Med J. 2007 Feb;83(976):109-14 - PubMed
  15. Endocr Connect. 2015 Mar;4(1):R1-R15 - PubMed
  16. Metabolism. 1991 Feb;40(2):214-6 - PubMed
  17. Korean J Urol. 2011 Aug;52(8):507-16 - PubMed
  18. Diabetologia. 1995 Sep;38(9):1042-50 - PubMed
  19. Prog Biochem Pharmacol. 1983;19:31-79 - PubMed
  20. Am J Physiol. 1986 Apr;250(4 Pt 1):E381-5 - PubMed
  21. Prostate. 2011 Feb 1;71(2):147-56 - PubMed
  22. Curr Urol Rep. 2009 Jul;10(4):267-75 - PubMed
  23. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1995 Jan-Feb;17(1-2):39-50 - PubMed
  24. Circulation. 1974 Jun;49(6):1132-46 - PubMed
  25. Front Physiol. 2014 Oct 29;5:396 - PubMed
  26. Open Heart. 2014 Nov 03;1(1):e000167 - PubMed
  27. East Afr Med J. 1980 Mar;57(3):167-73 - PubMed
  28. J Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Jun;30(3):263-70 - PubMed
  29. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Jul;48(1):38-43 - PubMed
  30. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Sep;21(9):1543-9 - PubMed
  31. J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 19;285(8):5232-9 - PubMed
  32. Clin Sci (Lond). 1997 Jan;92(1):51-8 - PubMed
  33. Diabetologia. 1994 Oct;37(10):1025-35 - PubMed
  34. Am J Med. 1991 Dec;91(6):589-96 - PubMed
  35. Med J Aust. 1988 Feb 15;148(4):177-80 - PubMed
  36. Diabetes. 2012 Jan;61(1):4-13 - PubMed
  37. Curr Urol Rep. 2014 Dec;15(12):462 - PubMed
  38. Hypertension. 2008 Apr;51(4):811-6 - PubMed
  39. Urology. 2013 Jun;81(6):1325-9 - PubMed
  40. Prostate. 2008 Sep 15;68(13):1477-86 - PubMed
  41. J Hypertens. 2003 Jul;21(7):1401-6 - PubMed
  42. Am J Hypertens. 1991 Jan;4(1 Pt 1):34-8 - PubMed
  43. Cell Metab. 2012 May 2;15(5):595-605 - PubMed
  44. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Mar;175(3):410-9 - PubMed
  45. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Feb;81(2):341-54 - PubMed
  46. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 1;641(2-3):75-81 - PubMed
  47. Circulation. 2006 Apr 18;113(15):1888-904 - PubMed
  48. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jun;87(6):2246-52 - PubMed
  49. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015 Oct;70(10):1262-8 - PubMed
  50. J Hypertens. 2000 Aug;18(8):1051-6 - PubMed
  51. Lancet. 1983 Nov 26;2(8361):1236-40 - PubMed
  52. Am J Cardiol. 2014 May 1;113(9):1574-80 - PubMed
  53. Diabetes. 1997 Jun;46(6):1025-9 - PubMed
  54. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2001 Apr;35(2):122-6 - PubMed
  55. Diabetes. 1984 Jun;33(6):596-603 - PubMed
  56. N Engl J Med. 1983 Oct 27;309(17):1009-15 - PubMed
  57. J Clin Invest. 1983 Nov;72(5):1772-7 - PubMed
  58. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Aug;46(2):282-5 - PubMed
  59. J Androl. 2012 Sep-Oct;33(5):854-65 - PubMed
  60. Prostate. 2002 Jul 1;52(2):98-105 - PubMed
  61. Br J Nutr. 2013 Oct;110(7):1178-87 - PubMed
  62. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2013 Jun 15;304(12):H1733-42 - PubMed
  63. Diabetologia. 1987 Sep;30(9):719-23 - PubMed
  64. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009 Jan;13(1):27-9 - PubMed
  65. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19 Suppl 6:S80-8 - PubMed
  66. Hypertension. 2001 Apr;37(4):1047-52 - PubMed
  67. J Clin Invest. 1992 Jul;90(1):24-9 - PubMed
  68. Am J Hypertens. 2011 Aug;24(8):843-53 - PubMed
  69. Nutr J. 2008 Apr 17;7:10 - PubMed
  70. Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(4):782-7 - PubMed
  71. Arctic Med Res. 1990 Oct;49(4):180-8 - PubMed
  72. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Nov;92(5):1172-80 - PubMed
  73. J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Feb;51(2):347-52 - PubMed
  74. Endocrinology. 2003 Jun;144(6):2717-27 - PubMed
  75. Circ Res. 2015 Mar 13;116(6):976-90 - PubMed
  76. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Mar;59(3):393-8 - PubMed
  77. BJU Int. 2015 Jan;115(1):24-31 - PubMed
  78. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998 Apr;84(4):1311-5 - PubMed
  79. Cell Biol Int. 2014 Jul;38(7):818-24 - PubMed
  80. Int J Hypertens. 2013;2013:547809 - PubMed
  81. Br Heart J. 1984 Mar;51(3):306-11 - PubMed
  82. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1995;168:7-12 - PubMed
  83. J Hum Hypertens. 2011 Jun;25(6):391-400 - PubMed
  84. Lancet. 1992 Dec 12;340(8833):1452-3 - PubMed
  85. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2006 Apr;8(1):90-5 - PubMed
  86. Br J Nutr. 2000 Mar;83 Suppl 1:S149-55 - PubMed
  87. Am J Hypertens. 1990 Jul;3(7):521-6 - PubMed
  88. Asian J Urol. 2017 Jul;4(3):164-173 - PubMed
  89. Physiol Behav. 2015 Nov 1;151:147-54 - PubMed
  90. Am J Med. 1981 Jan;70(1):151-68 - PubMed
  91. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Feb;92(2):379-85 - PubMed
  92. J Pathol. 2001 Dec;195(5):571-9 - PubMed
  93. Am J Epidemiol. 2003 May 15;157(10):906-14 - PubMed
  94. Br J Pharmacol. 2005 Jan;144(1):3-10 - PubMed
  95. Metabolism. 2004 Oct;53(10):1355-8 - PubMed
  96. Biol Reprod. 1994 Jul;51(1):99-107 - PubMed
  97. Eur Urol. 2016 Nov;70(5):788-796 - PubMed
  98. Diabetes. 1994 May;43(5):696-702 - PubMed
  99. Eur Urol. 2012 Mar;61(3):560-70 - PubMed
  100. Circulation. 2002 Feb 5;105(5):576-82 - PubMed
  101. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Oct;15 Suppl 4:S281-8 - PubMed
  102. Life Sci. 2015 Feb 15;123:18-24 - PubMed
  103. Metabolism. 1999 Oct;48(10):1216-9 - PubMed
  104. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;115(5):781-6 - PubMed
  105. Diabetes. 2011 Oct;60(10):2441-9 - PubMed
  106. J Surg Res. 1999 Jul;85(1):96-100 - PubMed
  107. Diabetologia. 2005 Jul;48(7):1244-6 - PubMed
  108. N Engl J Med. 1996 Feb 8;334(6):374-81 - PubMed
  109. J Pathol. 2002 Feb;196(2):213-9 - PubMed
  110. Int J Cardiol. 2014 Mar 15;172(2):450-5 - PubMed
  111. Chin Med J (Engl). 1987 Apr;100(4):271-2 - PubMed
  112. J Hypertens. 2001 Apr;19(4):731-9 - PubMed
  113. J Androl. 2000 Jan-Feb;21(1):58-64 - PubMed
  114. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1997 Sep-Oct;24(9-10):776-81 - PubMed
  115. Mol Metab. 2015 May 01;4(7):507-18 - PubMed
  116. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jul;88(1):168-73 - PubMed
  117. BJU Int. 2016 May;117(5):801-8 - PubMed
  118. Int J Hypertens. 2011;2011:391762 - PubMed
  119. Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):773-7 - PubMed
  120. J Hypertens. 2001 Oct;19(10):1713-6 - PubMed
  121. J Urol. 2002 Aug;168(2):599-604 - PubMed
  122. Indian J Urol. 2014 Apr;30(2):170-6 - PubMed
  123. Am J Physiol. 1989 Aug;257(2 Pt 1):E255-60 - PubMed
  124. JAMA. 2011 May 4;305(17):1777-85 - PubMed
  125. Am J Physiol. 1994 Feb;266(2 Pt 1):E242-7 - PubMed
  126. Hypertension. 2010 Jul;56(1):10-6 - PubMed
  127. Urology. 2007 Oct;70(4):677-80 - PubMed
  128. Blood Press. 1999;8(1):29-36 - PubMed
  129. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):910-8 - PubMed
  130. Hypertension. 2012 Jul;60(1):25-33 - PubMed
  131. Prostate. 2003 Sep 1;56(4):313-8 - PubMed
  132. Metabolism. 1980 Sep;29(9):806-9 - PubMed
  133. J Physiol. 2000 Nov 1;528(Pt 3):407-17 - PubMed
  134. N Engl J Med. 1985 Jan 31;312(5):283-9 - PubMed
  135. Prostate. 2010 Jan 1;70(1):79-89 - PubMed
  136. Front Physiol. 2012 Dec 05;3:441 - PubMed
  137. Br J Nutr. 2007 Nov;98(5):929-36 - PubMed
  138. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2008 Feb;114(1):17-22 - PubMed
  139. Metabolism. 2004 Apr;53(4):469-75 - PubMed
  140. Hypertens Res. 2011 Nov;34(11):1147-60 - PubMed
  141. J Hypertens Suppl. 1992 Dec;10(7):S13-26 - PubMed
  142. Am J Med. 1988 Apr;84(4):739-49 - PubMed
  143. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Aug 22;96(4A):3E-7E - PubMed
  144. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992 Dec;16 Suppl 4:S1-11 - PubMed
  145. Clin Chim Acta. 2006 Aug;370(1-2):89-93 - PubMed
  146. J Androl. 2003 Mar-Apr;24(2):263-9 - PubMed
  147. J Urol Res. 2015 Jan 1;2(1):null - PubMed
  148. Metabolism. 1981 Oct;30(10):953-8 - PubMed
  149. J Chronic Dis. 1973 May;26(5):265-90 - PubMed
  150. J Urol. 2004 Oct;172(4 Pt 1):1390-3 - PubMed
  151. Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Apr 15;167(8):925-34 - PubMed
  152. Endocrinology. 2001 Mar;142(3):1349-56 - PubMed
  153. Compr Physiol. 2012 Oct;2(4):2393-442 - PubMed
  154. J Endocrinol. 2001 Oct;171(1):97-108 - PubMed
  155. Rev Urol. 2010 Fall;12(4):e157-80 - PubMed
  156. Clin Sci Mol Med. 1974 Nov;47(5):435-48 - PubMed
  157. Eur Urol. 2002 Feb;41(2):113-20 - PubMed
  158. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Apr-Jun;29(2):79-83 - PubMed
  159. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(12):1231-45 - PubMed
  160. Urology. 2003 Feb;61(2):484-9 - PubMed
  161. Aust N Z J Med. 1976 Jun;6(3):191-6 - PubMed
  162. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2005 Oct;2(3):105-12 - PubMed
  163. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Mar;51(3):416-20 - PubMed
  164. Diabetes Care. 1993 Jan;16(1):157-77 - PubMed
  165. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 19;13(1):e0191469 - PubMed
  166. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jul;74(1):96-100 - PubMed
  167. Diabetes Care. 2008 Feb;31 Suppl 2:S262-8 - PubMed
  168. Diabetologia. 1985 Feb;28(2):70-5 - PubMed
  169. Ann Intern Med. 2010 Nov 16;153(10):621-32 - PubMed
  170. Hypertension. 2014 Oct;64(4):867-74 - PubMed
  171. Diabetes Care. 2004 Feb;27(2):538-46 - PubMed
  172. N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 12;332(2):99-109 - PubMed
  173. Free Radic Res. 2008 Jun;42(6):582-91 - PubMed
  174. Am J Hypertens. 2003 Feb;16(2):144-7 - PubMed
  175. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Jan;45(1):98-106 - PubMed
  176. Curr Opin Urol. 2011 Jan;21(1):1-4 - PubMed
  177. J Clin Invest. 1997 Sep 1;100(5):1107-13 - PubMed
  178. J Hypertens. 2008 Mar;26(3):381-91 - PubMed
  179. Ann Hum Biol. 2004 Mar-Apr;31(2):174-81 - PubMed
  180. Circulation. 2000 Jan 25;101(3):329-35 - PubMed

Publication Types