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Ellis-Davies GCR. Two-Photon Uncaging of Glutamate. Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2019;10:48doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048.
Ellis-Davies, G. C. R. (2018). Two-Photon Uncaging of Glutamate. Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience, 1048. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048
Ellis-Davies, Graham C R. "Two-Photon Uncaging of Glutamate." Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience vol. 10 (2018): 48. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048
Ellis-Davies GCR. Two-Photon Uncaging of Glutamate. Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2019 Jan 09;10:48. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048. eCollection 2018. PMID: 30687075; PMCID: PMC6333857.
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Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2019 Jan 09;10:48. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048. eCollection 2018.

Two-Photon Uncaging of Glutamate.

Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience

Graham C R Ellis-Davies

Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.

PMID: 30687075 PMCID: PMC6333857 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00048

Abstract

Two-photon microscopy produces the excited singlet state of a chromophore with wavelengths approximately double that used for normal excitation. Two photons are absorbed almost simultaneously, via a virtual state, and this makes the excitation technique inherently non-linear. It requires ultra-fast lasers to deliver the high flux density needed to access intrinsically very short lived intermediates, and in combination with lenses of high numerical aperture, this confines axial excitation highly. Since the two-photon excitation volume is similar to a large spine head, the technique has been widely used to study glutamatergic transmission in brain slices. Here I describe the principles of two-photon uncaging of glutamate and provide a practical guide to its application.

Keywords: 2-photon; Glu = glutamate; dendritic spikes; plasticity; quanta; uncaging

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