Affiliations

1. About the Authors Patricia D'Antonio, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Carol E. Ware Professor of Mental Health Nursing and director, Barbara Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sandra B. Lewenson, EdD, RN, FAAN, is a professor, Lienhard School of Nursing, College of Health Professions, Pace University, Pleasantville, New York, and chair, Advisory Board, Barbara Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing.