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Cond Med. 2019 Feb;2(1):30-39.

Negative Conditioning of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Age-related Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Conditioning medicine

Sharmelee Selvaraji, Luting Poh, Venkateswaran Natarajan, Karthik Mallilankaraman, Thiruma V Arumugam

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
  2. NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
  3. School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
  4. Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

PMID: 31058265 PMCID: PMC6497175

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as one of the major causes of neuronal injury in age-associated neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to increased reactive oxygen species production, causing mitochondrial DNA mutations, which then results in pathological conditions. Negative conditioning of mitochondrial dysfunction via pharmacological inhibition, phytochemicals, and dietary restriction serve as an avenue for therapeutic intervention to improve mitochondrial quality and function. Here, we focus primarily on mitochondrial biology, evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia and stroke, and the possibility of using negative conditioning to restore or preserve mitochondrial function in these diseases.

Keywords: aging; calorie restriction; dementia; mitochondria; mitochondrial dysfunction; negative conditioning; phytochemicals; stroke

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