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Rettig EM, Gooi Z, Bardin R, et al. Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Northwest Cameroon. OTO Open. 2019;3(1):2473974X18818415doi: 10.1177/2473974X18818415.
Rettig, E. M., Gooi, Z., Bardin, R., Bogale, M., Rooper, L., Acha, E., & Koch, W. M. (2019). Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Northwest Cameroon. OTO open, 3(1), 2473974X18818415. https://doi.org/10.1177/2473974X18818415
Rettig, Eleni M, et al. "Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Northwest Cameroon." OTO open vol. 3,1 (2019): 2473974X18818415. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2473974X18818415
Rettig EM, Gooi Z, Bardin R, Bogale M, Rooper L, Acha E, Koch WM. Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Northwest Cameroon. OTO Open. 2019 Jan 04;3(1):2473974X18818415. doi: 10.1177/2473974X18818415. eCollection 2019. PMID: 31236529; PMCID: PMC6572919.
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OTO Open. 2019 Jan 04;3(1):2473974X18818415. doi: 10.1177/2473974X18818415. eCollection 2019.

Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Northwest Cameroon.

OTO open

Eleni M Rettig, Zhen Gooi, Richard Bardin, Mesele Bogale, Lisa Rooper, Everistus Acha, Wayne M Koch

Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  2. Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
  3. Department of Pathology, Mbingo Baptist Hospital, Mbingo, Cameroon.
  4. Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Mbingo Baptist Hospital, Mbingo, Cameroon.
  5. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

PMID: 31236529 PMCID: PMC6572919 DOI: 10.1177/2473974X18818415

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the precursor for a growing subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) in the developed world. This study was designed to characterize oral HPV infection and OPSCC in a region with high rates of HPV-driven cervical cancer.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study, retrospective case series.

SETTING: Northwest Cameroon referral hospital.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus attending an outpatient clinic were evaluated for oral HPV infection with oral swabs or rinses that were tested for 51 HPV types. HNSCCs diagnosed and/or treated at the same hospital from 2011 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed to ascertain demographic and tumor characteristics, and available OPSCCs were tested for HPV.

RESULTS: The oral HPV infection study population comprised 101 participants. Most (69%) were female and never-smokers (84%). Participants had median 4 lifetime sexual partners (interquartile range, 3-7; range, 1-100). Five participants (5%) had oral HPV infection; one had 2 HPV types. HPV types detected were HPV68 (n = 2), HPV82 (n = 2), HPV32 (n = 1), and unknown (n = 1). No significant demographic or behavioral differences were detected among individuals with vs without oral HPV infection. OPSCCs comprised just 8% (n = 11) of 131 HNSCCs in the retrospective study population. Two of 7 OPSCCs were HPV positive.

CONCLUSION: The low prevalence of OPSCC observed in northwest Cameroon together with the rarity of oral HPV infection suggests low rates of HPV-driven oropharyngeal carcinogenesis in the region. Future research should examine how geographic differences in oral HPV infection are influenced by cultural norms and affect HPV-OPSCC epidemiology.

Keywords: Africa; Cameroon; epidemiology; head and neck cancer; human immunodeficiency virus; human papillomavirus; oropharyngeal cancer

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