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Acad Forensic Pathol. 2018 Jun;8(2):256-295. doi: 10.1177/1925362118782056. Epub 2018 Jun 06.

Differential Diagnosis of Hepatic Necrosis Encountered at Autopsy.

Academic forensic pathology

Daniel C Butler, David N Lewin, Nicholas I Batalis

PMID: 31240042 PMCID: PMC6490132 DOI: 10.1177/1925362118782056

Abstract

The liver is subject to a variety of extrinsic and intrinsic insults that manifest with both specific and nonspecific patterns of necrosis. In the autopsy setting, these patterns are often encountered as incidental findings or even causes of death. There are several etiologies of hepatic necrosis, including toxins, drug injuries, viral infections, ischemic injuries, and metabolic disease, all of which possess overlapping gross and histologic presentations. Nonetheless, patterned necrosis in the context of clinical and demographic history allows for the forensic pathologist to develop a differential diagnosis, which may then be pruned into a specific or likely cause. The aim of the following review is to elucidate these patterns in the context of the liver diseases from which they arise with the goal developing a differential diagnosis and ultimate determination of etiology.

Keywords: Acute liver failure; Forensic pathology; Hepatitis; Liver necrosis

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures & Declaration of Conflicts of Interest: Nicholas I. Batalis is the Associate Editor-in-Chief of Academic Forensic Pathology: The Official Publication of the National Association of Medical

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