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Pharmaceutics. 2019 Jul 09;11(7). doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070321.

Penetration Enhancers in Ocular Drug Delivery.

Pharmaceutics

Roman V Moiseev, Peter W J Morrison, Fraser Steele, Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy

Affiliations

  1. Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 224, Reading RG66AD, UK.
  2. MC2 Therapeutics, James House, Emlyn Lane, Leatherhead KT22 7EP, UK.
  3. Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 224, Reading RG66AD, UK. [email protected].

PMID: 31324063 PMCID: PMC6681039 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070321

Abstract

There are more than 100 recognized disorders of the eye. This makes the development of advanced ocular formulations an important topic in pharmaceutical science. One of the ways to improve drug delivery to the eye is the use of penetration enhancers. These are defined as compounds capable of enhancing drug permeability across ocular membranes. This review paper provides an overview of anatomical and physiological features of the eye and discusses some common ophthalmological conditions and permeability of ocular membranes. The review also presents the analysis of literature on the use of penetration-enhancing compounds (cyclodextrins, chelating agents, crown ethers, bile acids and bile salts, cell-penetrating peptides, and other amphiphilic compounds) in ocular drug delivery, describing their properties and modes of action.

Keywords: cornea; ocular conditions; ocular drug delivery; ophthalmology; penetration enhancers

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