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Potouridis T, Knauz A, Berger E, et al. Examination of paraben release from baby teethers through migration tests and GC-MS analysis using a stable isotope dilution assay. BMC Chem. 2019;13(1):70doi: 10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6.
Potouridis, T., Knauz, A., Berger, E., & Püttmann, W. (2019). Examination of paraben release from baby teethers through migration tests and GC-MS analysis using a stable isotope dilution assay. BMC chemistry, 13(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6
Potouridis, Theodoros, et al. "Examination of paraben release from baby teethers through migration tests and GC-MS analysis using a stable isotope dilution assay." BMC chemistry vol. 13,1 (2019): 70. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6
Potouridis T, Knauz A, Berger E, Püttmann W. Examination of paraben release from baby teethers through migration tests and GC-MS analysis using a stable isotope dilution assay. BMC Chem. 2019 May 23;13(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6. eCollection 2019 Dec. PMID: 31384817; PMCID: PMC6661842.
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BMC Chem. 2019 May 23;13(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Examination of paraben release from baby teethers through migration tests and GC-MS analysis using a stable isotope dilution assay.

BMC chemistry

Theodoros Potouridis, Alena Knauz, Elisabeth Berger, Wilhelm Püttmann

Affiliations

  1. 1Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  2. 2Faculty of Biology, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  3. 3Department of Quantitative Landscape Ecology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau, Germany.

PMID: 31384817 PMCID: PMC6661842 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0587-6

Abstract

Parabens and sorbic acid are commonly used as food preservatives due to their antimicrobial effect. However, their use in foods for infants and young children is not permitted in the European Union. Previous studies found these compounds in some gel-filled baby teethers, whereby parabens, which are well-known as endocrine disruptors, were identified in the polymer-based chewing surface consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). To assess the exposure of infants and young children to these products, the application of parabens in teethers should be thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to apply a representative migration test procedure combined with an accurate analytical method to examine gel-filled baby teethers without elaborate sample preparation, high costs, and long processing times. Accordingly, solid-phase extraction (SPE), in combination with a stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) and subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analysis of methyl-, ethyl-, and

Keywords: Chemical preservatives; Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA); Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS); Gel-filled baby teether; Migration study; Parabens; Solid-phase extraction (SPE); Sorbic acid; Stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA)

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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