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Cloete KJ, Šmit Ž, Minnis-Ndimba R, et al. Physico-elemental analysis of roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico using X-ray micro-computed tomography and external beam particle induced X-ray emission. Food Chem X. 2019;2:100032doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032.
Cloete, K. J., Šmit, �. �., Minnis-Ndimba, R., Vavpetič, P., du Plessis, A., le Roux, S. G., & Pelicon, P. (2019). Physico-elemental analysis of roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico using X-ray micro-computed tomography and external beam particle induced X-ray emission. Food chemistry: X, 2100032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032
Cloete, Karen J, et al. "Physico-elemental analysis of roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico using X-ray micro-computed tomography and external beam particle induced X-ray emission." Food chemistry: X vol. 2 (2019): 100032. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032
Cloete KJ, Šmit Ž, Minnis-Ndimba R, Vavpetič P, du Plessis A, le Roux SG, Pelicon P. Physico-elemental analysis of roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico using X-ray micro-computed tomography and external beam particle induced X-ray emission. Food Chem X. 2019 May 21;2:100032. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032. eCollection 2019 Jun 30. PMID: 31432016; PMCID: PMC6694858.
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Food Chem X. 2019 May 21;2:100032. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032. eCollection 2019 Jun 30.

Physico-elemental analysis of roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico using X-ray micro-computed tomography and external beam particle induced X-ray emission.

Food chemistry: X

Karen J Cloete, Žiga Šmit, Roya Minnis-Ndimba, Primož Vavpetič, Anton du Plessis, Stephan G le Roux, Primož Pelicon

Affiliations

  1. iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences, National Research Foundation, PO Box 722, Somerset West 7129, South Africa.
  2. Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
  3. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska ulica, 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
  4. CT Scanner Facility, Central Analytical Facilities, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.

PMID: 31432016 PMCID: PMC6694858 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100032

Abstract

The physico-elemental profiles of commercially attained and roasted organic coffee beans from Ethiopia, Colombia, Honduras, and Mexico were compared using light microscopy, X-ray micro-computed tomography, and external beam particle induced X-ray emission. External beam PIXE analysis detected P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, and Sr in samples. Linear discriminant analysis showed that there was no strong association between elemental data and production region, whilst a heatmap combined with hierarchical clustering showed that soil-plant physico-chemical properties may influence regional elemental signatures. Physical trait data showed that Mexican coffee beans weighed significantly more than beans from other regions, whilst Honduras beans had the highest width. X-ray micro-computed tomography qualitative data showed heterogeneous microstructural features within and between beans representing different regions. In conclusion, such multi-dimensional analysis may present a promising tool in assessing the nutritional content and qualitative characteristics of food products such as coffee.

Keywords: Colombia; Ethiopia; External beam PIXE; Honduras; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; Mexico; Organic; PIXE, particle induced X-ray emission; Roasted coffee bean; X-ray micro-computed tomography; micro-CT, X-ray micro-computed tomography

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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