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Ingenbleek L, Hu R, Pereira LL, et al. Sub-Saharan Africa total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria: Pesticides occurrence in foods. Food Chem X. 2019;2:100034doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034.
Ingenbleek, L., Hu, R., Pereira, L. L., Paineau, A., Colet, I., Koné, A. Z., Adegboye, A., Hossou, S. E., Dembélé, Y., Oyedele, A. D., Kisito, C. S. K. J., Eyangoh, S., Verger, P., Leblanc, J. C., & Le Bizec, B. (2019). Sub-Saharan Africa total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria: Pesticides occurrence in foods. Food chemistry: X, 2100034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034
Ingenbleek, Luc, et al. "Sub-Saharan Africa total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria: Pesticides occurrence in foods." Food chemistry: X vol. 2 (2019): 100034. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034
Ingenbleek L, Hu R, Pereira LL, Paineau A, Colet I, Koné AZ, Adegboye A, Hossou SE, Dembélé Y, Oyedele AD, Kisito CSKJ, Eyangoh S, Verger P, Leblanc JC, Le Bizec B. Sub-Saharan Africa total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria: Pesticides occurrence in foods. Food Chem X. 2019 May 23;2:100034. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034. eCollection 2019 Jun 30. PMID: 31432018; PMCID: PMC6694844.
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Food Chem X. 2019 May 23;2:100034. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034. eCollection 2019 Jun 30.

Sub-Saharan Africa total diet study in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria: Pesticides occurrence in foods.

Food chemistry: X

Luc Ingenbleek, Renwei Hu, Lionel Lopes Pereira, Anaïs Paineau, Isabelle Colet, Abdoulaye Zié Koné, Abimbola Adegboye, Sètondji Epiphane Hossou, Yara Dembélé, Awoyinka Dada Oyedele, Chabi Sika K J Kisito, Sara Eyangoh, Philippe Verger, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Bruno Le Bizec

Affiliations

  1. Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, (CPC), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
  2. LUNAM Université, Oniris, LABERCA, Nantes, France.
  3. Inovalys - Le Mans, Official Laboratory of Analysis, France.
  4. Agence Nationale de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ANSSA), Bamako, Mali.
  5. National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, (NAFDAC), Abuja, Nigeria.
  6. Agence Béninoise de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ABSSA), Cotonou, Benin.
  7. Laboratoire de Technologie Alimentaire, (LTA), Bamako, Mali.
  8. Laboratoire Central de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (LC-SSA), Cotonou, Benin.
  9. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.

PMID: 31432018 PMCID: PMC6694844 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100034

Abstract

In the framework of the first regional Total Diet Study in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3696 foodstuffs, commonly consumed in Benin, Cameroon, Mali and Nigeria were purchased, prepared as consumed and pooled into 308 composite samples. Those core foods were tested for up to 470 pesticides residues by liquid and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. 39 pesticides were detected with 294 total occurrences, including 47.3% organophosphate pesticides and 35.7% pyrethroids. More specifically, 6 substances represented 75.5% of all 3 organophosphates and 3 pyrethroids: chlorpyrifos (22.4%) cypermethrin (18.0%) dichlorvos (13.6%), lambda cyhalothrin (8.2%), permethrin (7.5%) and profenofos (5.8%). One pesticide or more was detected in 45.8% of samples. Strikingly, several pesticides were quantified in 2 composite samples of smoked fish from Mali: chlorpyrifos (5236-18 084 μg/kg), profenofos (30-182 μg/kg), cypermethrin (22-250 μg/kg), cyfluthrin (16-117 μg/kg), lambda cyhalothrin (9-17 μg/kg) and permethrin (3-6 μg/kg).

Keywords: GC-MS/MS; LC-MS/MS; Organophosphate pesticides; Pyrethroids; Total diet study

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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