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Hollander JA, Cory-Slechta DA, Jacka FN, et al. Beyond the looking glass: recent advances in understanding the impact of environmental exposures on neuropsychiatric disease. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020;45(7):1086-1096doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5.
Hollander, J. A., Cory-Slechta, D. A., Jacka, F. N., Szabo, S. T., Guilarte, T. R., Bilbo, S. D., Mattingly, C. J., Moy, S. S., Haroon, E., Hornig, M., Levin, E. D., Pletnikov, M. V., Zehr, J. L., McAllister, K. A., Dzierlenga, A. L., Garton, A. E., Lawler, C. P., & Ladd-Acosta, C. (2020). Beyond the looking glass: recent advances in understanding the impact of environmental exposures on neuropsychiatric disease. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 45(7), 1086-1096. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5
Hollander, Jonathan A, et al. "Beyond the looking glass: recent advances in understanding the impact of environmental exposures on neuropsychiatric disease." Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology vol. 45,7 (2020): 1086-1096. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5
Hollander JA, Cory-Slechta DA, Jacka FN, Szabo ST, Guilarte TR, Bilbo SD, Mattingly CJ, Moy SS, Haroon E, Hornig M, Levin ED, Pletnikov MV, Zehr JL, McAllister KA, Dzierlenga AL, Garton AE, Lawler CP, Ladd-Acosta C. Beyond the looking glass: recent advances in understanding the impact of environmental exposures on neuropsychiatric disease. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020 Jun;45(7):1086-1096. doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5. Epub 2020 Feb 28. PMID: 32109936; PMCID: PMC7234981.
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Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020 Jun;45(7):1086-1096. doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Beyond the looking glass: recent advances in understanding the impact of environmental exposures on neuropsychiatric disease.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

Jonathan A Hollander, Deborah A Cory-Slechta, Felice N Jacka, Steven T Szabo, Tomás R Guilarte, Staci D Bilbo, Carolyn J Mattingly, Sheryl S Moy, Ebrahim Haroon, Mady Hornig, Edward D Levin, Mikhail V Pletnikov, Julia L Zehr, Kimberly A McAllister, Anika L Dzierlenga, Amanda E Garton, Cindy P Lawler, Christine Ladd-Acosta

Affiliations

  1. Genes, Environment and Health Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. [email protected].
  2. Department of Environmental Medicine, Box EHSC, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
  3. Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
  4. iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Food & Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
  5. Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
  6. Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  7. James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
  8. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
  9. Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
  10. Department of Environmental Health Sciences Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
  11. Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
  12. Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
  13. Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  14. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  15. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  16. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
  17. Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  18. Developmental Mechanisms and Trajectories of Psychopathology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA.
  19. Genes, Environment and Health Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
  20. Department of Epidemiology and Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

PMID: 32109936 PMCID: PMC7234981 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0648-5

Abstract

The etiologic pathways leading to neuropsychiatric diseases remain poorly defined. As genomic technologies have advanced over the past several decades, considerable progress has been made linking neuropsychiatric disorders to genetic underpinnings. Interest and consideration of nongenetic risk factors (e.g., lead exposure and schizophrenia) have, in contrast, lagged behind heritable frameworks of explanation. Thus, the association of neuropsychiatric illness to environmental chemical exposure, and their potential interactions with genetic susceptibility, are largely unexplored. In this review, we describe emerging approaches for considering the impact of chemical risk factors acting alone and in concert with genetic risk, and point to the potential role of epigenetics in mediating exposure effects on transcription of genes implicated in mental disorders. We highlight recent examples of research in nongenetic risk factors in psychiatric disorders that point to potential shared biological mechanisms-synaptic dysfunction, immune alterations, and gut-brain interactions. We outline new tools and resources that can be harnessed for the study of environmental factors in psychiatric disorders. These tools, combined with emerging experimental evidence, suggest that there is a need to broadly incorporate environmental exposures in psychiatric research, with the ultimate goal of identifying modifiable risk factors and informing new treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric disease.

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