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Vlaminck J, Cools P, Albonico M, et al. Piloting a surveillance system to monitor the global patterns of drug efficacy and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminth control programs: a Starworms study protocol. Gates Open Res. 2020;4:28doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1.
Vlaminck, J., Cools, P., Albonico, M., Ame, S., Chanthapaseuth, T., Viengxay, V., Do Trung, D., Osei-Atweneboana, M. Y., Asuming-Brempong, E., Jahirul Karim, M., Al Kawsar, A., Keiser, J., Khieu, V., Faye, B., Turate, I., Mbonigaba, J. B., Ruijeni, N., Shema, E., Luciañez, A., Santiago Nicholls, R., Jamsheed, M., Mikhailova, A., Montresor, A., Mupfasoni, D., Yajima, A., Ngina Mwinzi, P., Gilleard, J., Prichard, R. K., Verweij, J. J., Vercruysse, J., & Levecke, B. (2020). Piloting a surveillance system to monitor the global patterns of drug efficacy and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminth control programs: a Starworms study protocol. Gates open research, 428. https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1
Vlaminck, Johnny, et al. "Piloting a surveillance system to monitor the global patterns of drug efficacy and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminth control programs: a Starworms study protocol." Gates open research vol. 4 (2020): 28. doi: https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1
Vlaminck J, Cools P, Albonico M, Ame S, Chanthapaseuth T, Viengxay V, Do Trung D, Osei-Atweneboana MY, Asuming-Brempong E, Jahirul Karim M, Al Kawsar A, Keiser J, Khieu V, Faye B, Turate I, Mbonigaba JB, Ruijeni N, Shema E, Luciañez A, Santiago Nicholls R, Jamsheed M, Mikhailova A, Montresor A, Mupfasoni D, Yajima A, Ngina Mwinzi P, Gilleard J, Prichard RK, Verweij JJ, Vercruysse J, Levecke B. Piloting a surveillance system to monitor the global patterns of drug efficacy and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminth control programs: a Starworms study protocol. Gates Open Res. 2020 Mar 10;4:28. doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1. eCollection 2020. PMID: 32266328; PMCID: PMC7120503.
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Gates Open Res. 2020 Mar 10;4:28. doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1. eCollection 2020.

Piloting a surveillance system to monitor the global patterns of drug efficacy and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminth control programs: a Starworms study protocol.

Gates open research

Johnny Vlaminck, Piet Cools, Marco Albonico, Shaali Ame, Thipphavanh Chanthapaseuth, Vanisaveth Viengxay, Dung Do Trung, Mike Y Osei-Atweneboana, Elias Asuming-Brempong, Mohammad Jahirul Karim, Abdullah Al Kawsar, Jennifer Keiser, Virak Khieu, Babacar Faye, Innocent Turate, Jean Bosco Mbonigaba, Nadine Ruijeni, Eliah Shema, Ana Luciañez, Ruben Santiago Nicholls, Mohamed Jamsheed, Alexei Mikhailova, Antonio Montresor, Denise Mupfasoni, Aya Yajima, Pauline Ngina Mwinzi, John Gilleard, Roger K Prichard, Jaco J Verweij, Jozef Vercruysse, Bruno Levecke

Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
  2. Center for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Italy.
  3. Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
  4. Laboratory of Parasitology, Public Health Laboratory Ivo de Carneri, Chake Chake, Tanzania.
  5. Vientiane Office, World Health Organization, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
  6. National institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
  7. National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  8. Biomedical and Public Health Research Unit, CSIR-Water Research Institute, Accra, Ghana.
  9. Filariasis Elimination, STH Control and Little Doctor Programme, CDC, Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  10. Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
  11. National Centre for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  12. Service of Parasitology and Mycology, University of Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, Senegal.
  13. The institute of HIV/AIDS Disease Prevention and Control, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Kigali, Rwanda.
  14. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
  15. Neglected Tropical Diseases, Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington D.C., USA.
  16. Department of Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India.
  17. Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  18. Western Pacific Regional Office, World Health Organization, Manilla, Philippines.
  19. Expanded Special Project for Elimination of NTDs (ESPEN), World Health Organization, Brazzaville, Congo.
  20. Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
  21. Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
  22. Laboratory for Parasitology, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.

PMID: 32266328 PMCID: PMC7120503 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13115.1

Abstract

To eliminate soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections as a public health problem, the administration of benzimidazole (BZ) drugs to children has recently intensified. But, as drug pressure increases, the development of anthelmintic drug resistance (AR) becomes a major concern. Currently, there is no global surveillance system to monitor drug efficacy and the emergence of AR. Consequently, it is unclear what the current efficacy of the used drugs is and whether AR is already present. The aim of this study is to pilot a global surveillance system to assess anthelmintic drug efficacy and the emergence of AR in STH control programs. For this, we will incorporate drug efficacy trials into national STH control programs of eight countries (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Vietnam, Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal and a yet to be defined country in the Americas). In each country, one trial will be performed in one program implementation unit to assess the efficacy of BZ drugs against STHs in school-aged children by faecal egg count reduction test. Stool samples will be collected before and after treatment with BZs for Kato-Katz analysis and preserved to purify parasite DNA. The presence and frequency of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin genes of the different STHs will subsequently be assessed. This study will provide a global pattern of drug efficacy and emergence of AR in STH control programs. The results will provide complementary insights on the validity of known SNPs in the ß-tubulin gene as a marker for AR in human STHs as well as information on the technical and financial resources required to set up a surveillance system. Finally, the collected stool samples will be an important resource to validate different molecular technologies for the detection of AR markers or to identify novel potential molecular markers associated with AR in STH.

Copyright: © 2020 Vlaminck J et al.

Keywords: Kato-Katz thick smear; Soil-transmitted helminths; anthelmintic drug resistance; benzimidazoles; egg reduction rate; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; next generation sequencing; preventive chemotherapy; single nucleotide polymorphisms

Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

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