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Amankwah-Poku M, Amoah AGB, Sefa-Dedeh A, et al. Psychosocial distress, clinical variables and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes: a study in Ghana. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;6:14doi: 10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7.
Amankwah-Poku, M., Amoah, A. G. B., Sefa-Dedeh, A., & Akpalu, J. (2020). Psychosocial distress, clinical variables and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes: a study in Ghana. Clinical diabetes and endocrinology, 614. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7
Amankwah-Poku, Margaret, et al. "Psychosocial distress, clinical variables and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes: a study in Ghana." Clinical diabetes and endocrinology vol. 6 (2020): 14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7
Amankwah-Poku M, Amoah AGB, Sefa-Dedeh A, Akpalu J. Psychosocial distress, clinical variables and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes: a study in Ghana. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020 Jul 14;6:14. doi: 10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7. eCollection 2020. PMID: 32685189; PMCID: PMC7362489.
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Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020 Jul 14;6:14. doi: 10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7. eCollection 2020.

Psychosocial distress, clinical variables and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes: a study in Ghana.

Clinical diabetes and endocrinology

Margaret Amankwah-Poku, Albert G B Amoah, Araba Sefa-Dedeh, Josephine Akpalu

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities, University of Ghana, P.O. Box L 84, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
  2. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

PMID: 32685189 PMCID: PMC7362489 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-020-00102-7

Abstract

AIM: Psychosocial distress can act as a barrier to diabetes self-care management and thus compromise diabetes control. Yet in Ghana, healthcare centres mainly focus on the medical aspect of diabetes to the neglect of psychosocial care. This study determined the relationship amongst psychosocial distress, clinical variables, and self-management activities associated with type 2 diabetes management.

METHOD: Questionnaires were administered to 162 patients from four hospitals in Accra, Ghana, to assess psychosocial distress (e.g. diabetes distress), clinical variables (e.g. glycaemic control), and self- management activities (e.g. medication intake) related to diabetes. In assessing diabetes distress, the use of the PAID allowed evaluation of broader range of emotional concerns (diabetes-related emotional distress), while the DDS allowed evaluation of factors more closely related to diabetes self-management (diabetes distress).

RESULTS: Diabetes-related emotional distress, diabetes distress and depressive symptoms were reciprocally positively correlated, while non-supportive family behaviour correlated negatively with these psychological variables. Diabetes-related emotional distress correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and correlated negatively with exercise regimen. On the other hand, diabetes distress correlated negatively with dietary and exercise regimen and correlated positively with glycaemic levels, while depressive symptoms correlated positively with glycaemic levels, diabetes complication and systolic blood pressure. Contrary to the literature, non-supportive family behaviour correlated positively with diet, exercise and medication regimen.

CONCLUSION: The positive association of psychological variables with glycaemic levels and blood pressure levels, and the positive association of non-supportive family behaviour with self-management activities suggests the need for psychosocial care to be incorporate in the management of type 2 diabetes in Ghana. Patients can be screened for diabetes-related distress and symptoms of depression and provided psychosocial care where necessary.

© The Author(s) 2020.

Keywords: Depression, family support; Diabetes distress; Glycaemic control; Psychosocial care; Type 2 diabetes

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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