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Johnson-Jennings M, Duran B, Hakes J, et al. The influence of undertreated chronic pain in a national survey: Prescription medication misuse among American indians, Asian Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and whites. SSM Popul Health. 2020;11:100563doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563.
Johnson-Jennings, M., Duran, B., Hakes, J., Paffrath, A., & Little, M. M. (2020). The influence of undertreated chronic pain in a national survey: Prescription medication misuse among American indians, Asian Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and whites. SSM - population health, 11100563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563
Johnson-Jennings, Michelle, et al. "The influence of undertreated chronic pain in a national survey: Prescription medication misuse among American indians, Asian Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and whites." SSM - population health vol. 11 (2020): 100563. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563
Johnson-Jennings M, Duran B, Hakes J, Paffrath A, Little MM. The influence of undertreated chronic pain in a national survey: Prescription medication misuse among American indians, Asian Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and whites. SSM Popul Health. 2020 Mar 14;11:100563. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563. eCollection 2020 Aug. PMID: 32637551; PMCID: PMC7327281.
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SSM Popul Health. 2020 Mar 14;11:100563. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563. eCollection 2020 Aug.

The influence of undertreated chronic pain in a national survey: Prescription medication misuse among American indians, Asian Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics and whites.

SSM - population health

Michelle Johnson-Jennings, Bonnie Duran, Jahn Hakes, Alexandra Paffrath, Meg M Little

Affiliations

  1. Indigenous Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Kirk Hall, 117 Science Place, Saskatoon, Sk S7n 5c8, Canada.
  2. Schools of Public Health and Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies, Suitland, MD, USA.
  4. University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Duluth, MN, USA.

PMID: 32637551 PMCID: PMC7327281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100563

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Disparities in the assessment and treatment of chronic pain among racial/ethnic may lead to self-treatment for undertreated pain. This study examines whether pain intensity among US racial/ethnic groups' influences rates of psychotherapeutic prescription drug misuse.

METHODS: Data included civilian, non-institutionalized adults (age 18-99 years) residing in the United States (n = 34,653) from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions (NESARC; 2004-2005). The primary outcome variable was prescription drug misuse/PDM (i.e., use without a prescription or other than as prescribed) including tranquilizers, sedatives, stimulants, or opioids. Predictor variables included self-reported race/ethnicity (American Indian, Black, Hispanic, or White) and pain intensity. Data were analyzed in 2019.

RESULTS: Overall, White and Hispanic participants' pain intensity had a significantly curvilinear relationship with frequency of prescription medication (p < 0.01). PDM rose with pain intensity until pain levels reached "severe," then PDM rates fell, not significantly differing from the "no pain" levels (χ

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that undertreated chronic pain may drive rates of PDM among varying racial/ethnic groups. Providing equitable assessment and treatment of pain intensity remains critical. Additional research is needed to examine provider decision-making and unconscious bias, as well as patient health beliefs surrounding perceived need for prescription pain medications.

© 2020 The Authors.

Keywords: Chronic non cancer pain; Prescription drug misuse; US racial/Ethnic groups; Under treated pain

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interests or commercial associations to report for this paper.

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