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Salimiaghdam N, Singh L, Schneider K, et al. Potential adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline on ARPE-19 cell lines. BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2020;5(1):e000458doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458.
Salimiaghdam, N., Singh, L., Schneider, K., Nalbandian, A., Chwa, M., Atilano, S. R., Bao, A., & Kenney, M. C. (2020). Potential adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline on ARPE-19 cell lines. BMJ open ophthalmology, 5(1), e000458. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458
Salimiaghdam, Nasim, et al. "Potential adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline on ARPE-19 cell lines." BMJ open ophthalmology vol. 5,1 (2020): e000458. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458
Salimiaghdam N, Singh L, Schneider K, Nalbandian A, Chwa M, Atilano SR, Bao A, Kenney MC. Potential adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline on ARPE-19 cell lines. BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2020 Jul 21;5(1):e000458. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458. eCollection 2020. PMID: 32724857; PMCID: PMC7375423.
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BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2020 Jul 21;5(1):e000458. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458. eCollection 2020.

Potential adverse effects of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline on ARPE-19 cell lines.

BMJ open ophthalmology

Nasim Salimiaghdam, Lata Singh, Kevin Schneider, Angele Nalbandian, Marilyn Chwa, Shari R Atilano, Andrea Bao, M Cristina Kenney

Affiliations

  1. Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
  2. Ophthalmology, University of California School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA.
  3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA.

PMID: 32724857 PMCID: PMC7375423 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2020-000458

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aim to determine the possible adverse effects of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and tetracycline (TETRA), as examples of bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents, respectively, on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19).

METHODS: Cells were treated with 30, 60 and 120 µg/mL of CPFX and TETRA. Cell metabolism was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. JC-1 dye (5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide) assay was conducted to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using the -2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay (H2DCFDA). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to analyse the gene expression levels associated with apoptosis (

RESULTS: Results illustrated that while all three concentrations of CPFX decreased cellular viability of ARPE-19 during all incubation periods, the 120 µg/mL TETRA resulted in increased cellular viability. At 48 and 72 hours, levels of MMP and ROS decreased significantly with each antibiotic.

CONCLUSIONS: Clinically relevant concentrations of CPFX and TETRA have detrimental impacts on ARPE-19 cell lines in vitro, including upregulation of genes related to apoptosis, inflammation and antioxidant pathways. Additional studies are warranted to investigate if these harmful effects might be seen in retinal degeneration models in vivo.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Keywords: apotosis; drugs; retina

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

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