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Schulte EM, Wadden TA, Allison KC. An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;53(10):1610-1622doi: 10.1002/eat.23350.
Schulte, E. M., Wadden, T. A., & Allison, K. C. (2020). An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder. The International journal of eating disorders, 53(10), 1610-1622. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23350
Schulte, Erica M, et al. "An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder." The International journal of eating disorders vol. 53,10 (2020): 1610-1622. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23350
Schulte EM, Wadden TA, Allison KC. An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 2020 Oct;53(10):1610-1622. doi: 10.1002/eat.23350. Epub 2020 Jul 29. PMID: 32725769.
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Int J Eat Disord. 2020 Oct;53(10):1610-1622. doi: 10.1002/eat.23350. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder.

The International journal of eating disorders

Erica M Schulte, Thomas A Wadden, Kelly C Allison

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

PMID: 32725769 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23350

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the state of the literature for whether food addiction may warrant consideration as a distinct psychiatric disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) using Blashfield et al.'s (1990; Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31(1), 15-19) five criteria. This framework was utilized because it has recently been applied to examine the diagnostic utility of several eating disorder phenotypes. The criteria are: (a) at least 50 journal articles published on the proposed syndrome in the past 10 years; (b) proposal of diagnostic criteria and assessment measures; (c) clinician reliability in diagnosis; (d) cohesiveness of the proposed diagnostic criteria; and (e) differentiation from similar, existing diagnostic categories.

METHOD: For each criterion, a literature review was conducted to examine if the minimum qualification had been met, and key findings were discussed.

RESULTS: Two of the criteria (literature and differentiation) have been empirically supported to extent specified. Two criteria (diagnostic criteria and syndrome) have been partially fulfilled, due to only having self-report assessment measures and no examination of the odds ratios for meeting more than one symptom, respectively. Clinician reliability has not yet been evaluated.

DISCUSSION: The existing literature suggests that food addiction may warrant consideration as a proposed diagnostic category in the DSM, though future research is needed to fulfill Blashfield et al.'s (1990; Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31(1), 15-19) criteria. The development of a semi-structured interview would be an impactful contribution for addressing these gaps.

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Keywords: DSM; classification of mental disorders; eating disorders; food addiction; nosology; substance use

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