Display options
Cite
Gambardella J, Khondkar W, Morelli MB, et al. Arginine and Endothelial Function. Biomedicines. 2020;8(8)doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8080277.
Gambardella, J., Khondkar, W., Morelli, M. B., Wang, X., Santulli, G., & Trimarco, V. (2020). Arginine and Endothelial Function. Biomedicines, 8(8), . https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8080277
Gambardella, Jessica, et al. "Arginine and Endothelial Function." Biomedicines vol. 8,8 (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8080277
Gambardella J, Khondkar W, Morelli MB, Wang X, Santulli G, Trimarco V. Arginine and Endothelial Function. Biomedicines. 2020 Aug 06;8(8). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8080277. PMID: 32781796; PMCID: PMC7460461.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Biomedicines. 2020 Aug 06;8(8). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8080277.

Arginine and Endothelial Function.

Biomedicines

Jessica Gambardella, Wafiq Khondkar, Marco Bruno Morelli, Xujun Wang, Gaetano Santulli, Valentina Trimarco

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA.
  2. Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY 10461, USA.
  3. Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  4. International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80100 Naples, Italy.
  5. Department of Neuroscience, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples, Italy.

PMID: 32781796 PMCID: PMC7460461 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080277

Abstract

Arginine (L-arginine), is an amino acid involved in a number of biological processes, including the biosynthesis of proteins, host immune response, urea cycle, and nitric oxide production. In this systematic review, we focus on the functional role of arginine in the regulation of endothelial function and vascular tone. Both clinical and preclinical studies are examined, analyzing the effects of arginine supplementation in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, aging, peripheral artery disease, and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: ADMA; BH4; COVID-19; L-arginine; NADPH; arginine; arginine paradox; blood pressure; dietary supplements; eNOS uncoupling; endothelial dysfunction; endothelium; heart failure; hypertension; myocardial infarction; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; peripheral artery disease

References

  1. Am J Cardiol. 1997 Aug 1;80(3):331-3 - PubMed
  2. FEBS Lett. 2015 May 8;589(11):1173-8 - PubMed
  3. Am J Cardiol. 2001 Nov 15;88(10):1201-3 - PubMed
  4. J Clin Invest. 1997 Feb 1;99(3):433-8 - PubMed
  5. Lancet. 1998 Mar 28;351(9107):959-60 - PubMed
  6. Diabetes. 1974 Nov;23(11):876-80 - PubMed
  7. J Nutr. 2011 Dec;141(12):2186-90 - PubMed
  8. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jan 07;20(1): - PubMed
  9. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jul 17;115(29):E6927-E6936 - PubMed
  10. J Clin Invest. 1995 Jul;96(1):60-8 - PubMed
  11. Hypertension. 2018 Jul;72(1):128-138 - PubMed
  12. Biochem J. 1986 May 15;236(1):261-5 - PubMed
  13. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Jun;16(6):816-23 - PubMed
  14. Br J Dermatol. 2020 Jun 20;: - PubMed
  15. J Urol. 2004 Jul;172(1):369-73 - PubMed
  16. Diabetes Care. 2011 May;34 Suppl 2:S285-90 - PubMed
  17. Crit Care. 2020 Jun 16;24(1):353 - PubMed
  18. Int J Cardiovasc Intervent. 1999;2(2):97-100 - PubMed
  19. Diabetes Care. 2009 Nov;32 Suppl 2:S314-21 - PubMed
  20. Diabetes Care. 2007 Jul;30(7):1834-9 - PubMed
  21. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2009 Nov;47(5):576-85 - PubMed
  22. Am J Hypertens. 2009 Mar;22(3):257-62 - PubMed
  23. Redox Biol. 2020 Jul;34:101506 - PubMed
  24. Kidney Int. 2005 Nov;68(5):2230-6 - PubMed
  25. Life Sci. 1990;47(4):345-51 - PubMed
  26. Adv Pharm Bull. 2014 Oct;4(Suppl 1):449-54 - PubMed
  27. Am J Hypertens. 1998 Oct;11(10):1267-70 - PubMed
  28. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Mar 1;35(3):706-13 - PubMed
  29. Endothelium. 2004 Mar-Apr;11(2):123-32 - PubMed
  30. Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):721-3 - PubMed
  31. Int J Clin Pract. 2003 Apr;57(3):211-8 - PubMed
  32. Nature. 1988 Nov 24;336(6197):385-8 - PubMed
  33. Nitric Oxide. 2019 Aug 1;89:14-21 - PubMed
  34. Hypertension. 2003 Aug;42(2):166-70 - PubMed
  35. Circulation. 1997 Apr 15;95(8):2068-74 - PubMed
  36. Cardiovasc Res. 2000 Jun;46(3):412-20 - PubMed
  37. Physiol Rev. 2003 Jan;83(1):183-252 - PubMed
  38. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Feb;202(2):330-44 - PubMed
  39. Amino Acids. 2013 Oct;45(4):989-1002 - PubMed
  40. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 13;585(2-3):256-60 - PubMed
  41. Am J Hypertens. 2002 Jan;15(1 Pt 1):72-7 - PubMed
  42. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012 Jun 12;9(1):54 - PubMed
  43. FEBS J. 2016 Dec;283(24):4491-4501 - PubMed
  44. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004 Nov;287(5):R1014-30 - PubMed
  45. Diabetologia. 2009 Apr;52(4):705-14 - PubMed
  46. Circulation. 2003 Oct 28;108(17):2093-8 - PubMed
  47. J Am Heart Assoc. 2012 Aug;1(4):e001081 - PubMed
  48. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Dec;1832(12):2216-31 - PubMed
  49. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2014 Aug 15;965:173-82 - PubMed
  50. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Feb;165(3):754-64 - PubMed
  51. Hypertension. 1993 Dec;22(6):863-9 - PubMed
  52. Lancet. 2020 May 2;395(10234):1417-1418 - PubMed
  53. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Jan;102(1):63-71 - PubMed
  54. Cardiovasc Res. 2011 Aug 1;91(3):556; author reply 557-8 - PubMed
  55. Bioorg Med Chem. 2017 May 15;25(10):2730-2742 - PubMed
  56. Cardiol Clin. 2004 Nov;22(4):505-9, v - PubMed
  57. Hypertension. 2012 Jul;60(1):129-36 - PubMed
  58. Hypertension. 1995 Mar;25(3):431-6 - PubMed
  59. Kidney Int Suppl. 1996 Jun;55:S126-8 - PubMed
  60. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Mar 16;167(2):739-45 - PubMed
  61. Nephron. 1990;56(3):281-4 - PubMed
  62. Andrology. 2017 Mar;5(2):294-298 - PubMed
  63. Acta Physiol Scand. 2001 Sep;173(1):35-43 - PubMed
  64. Age (Dordr). 2013 Dec;35(6):2465-75 - PubMed
  65. Clin Nutr. 2017 Jun;36(3):876-887 - PubMed
  66. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2011;4(2):90-8 - PubMed
  67. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 9;383(2):120-128 - PubMed
  68. Circulation. 2007 Jul 10;116(2):188-95 - PubMed
  69. J Investig Med. 1999 Jan;47(1):43-50 - PubMed
  70. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1998 Jan;7(1):63-70 - PubMed
  71. Br J Pharmacol. 1990 Feb;99(2):408-12 - PubMed
  72. Exp Oncol. 2017 Dec;39(4):308-311 - PubMed
  73. Circulation. 1992 Jul;86(1):279-88 - PubMed
  74. Front Pharmacol. 2019 Sep 17;10:1033 - PubMed
  75. Cardiovasc Res. 2020 Aug 1;116(10):e132-e133 - PubMed
  76. J Biol Chem. 2019 Dec 20;294(51):19565-19576 - PubMed
  77. Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 2;9(1):14207 - PubMed
  78. Int J Cardiol. 2020 Feb 15;301:207-214 - PubMed
  79. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 8;234(1):35-8 - PubMed
  80. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May;91(5):1261-7 - PubMed
  81. J Biol Chem. 1997 Dec 12;272(50):31213-6 - PubMed
  82. Endocrine. 2000 Dec;13(3):329-40 - PubMed
  83. Stroke. 2009 Aug;40(8):2715-9 - PubMed
  84. JAMA Cardiol. 2019 Oct 1;4(10):988-996 - PubMed
  85. Kardiol Pol. 2004 Apr;60(4):348-53 - PubMed
  86. Pharmacology. 2020 May 26;:1-14 - PubMed
  87. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Nov 15;303(10):E1177-89 - PubMed
  88. Curr Diab Rep. 2005 Feb;5(1):17-23 - PubMed
  89. Lab Invest. 1993 Feb;68(2):174-84 - PubMed
  90. Mol Genet Metab. 2018 Sep;125(1-2):104-111 - PubMed
  91. Kidney Int. 2010 Jan;77(1):44-50 - PubMed
  92. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2011 Jul;44(7):671-81 - PubMed
  93. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014 Jan;157(1):67-74 - PubMed
  94. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2018 Jul 18;3(4):450-463 - PubMed
  95. J Hypertens. 1999 Jan;17(1):121-8 - PubMed
  96. Hypertension. 2008 Dec;52(6):1051-9 - PubMed
  97. Crit Care Clin. 2020 Apr;36(2):307-321 - PubMed
  98. Brain Behav Immun. 2020 Aug;88:940-944 - PubMed
  99. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 22;106(38):16221-6 - PubMed
  100. J Biol Chem. 2019 Jul 5;294(27):10708-10719 - PubMed
  101. Nutrients. 2018 Dec 20;11(1): - PubMed
  102. Diabetes Care. 2008 May;31(5):940-4 - PubMed
  103. Cardiovasc Res. 2013 Jun 1;98(3):334-43 - PubMed
  104. Circulation. 1998 Jun 2;97(21):2123-8 - PubMed
  105. J Clin Lab Anal. 2017 Nov;31(6): - PubMed
  106. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar 1;302(5):E481-95 - PubMed
  107. Atherosclerosis. 2012 Jul;223(1):86-94 - PubMed
  108. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2015 Jan;78:174-85 - PubMed
  109. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Jul;80(7):2198-202 - PubMed
  110. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Oct;62(4):1222-8 - PubMed
  111. JAMA. 2006 Jan 4;295(1):58-64 - PubMed
  112. J Clin Invest. 1997 Feb 1;99(3):369-70 - PubMed
  113. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Jun 8;20(1):123 - PubMed
  114. J Physiol. 1996 Feb 1;490 ( Pt 3):775-81 - PubMed
  115. J Clin Invest. 1996 Mar 1;97(5):1319-28 - PubMed
  116. J Nutr Biochem. 2004 Sep;15(9):534-9 - PubMed
  117. J Biochem. 1994 Sep;116(3):575-81 - PubMed
  118. Lancet. 1992 Nov 7;340(8828):1111-5 - PubMed
  119. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 21;9(1):e86135 - PubMed
  120. J Clin Med. 2020 May 11;9(5): - PubMed
  121. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011 Jan;31(1):142-50 - PubMed
  122. Immunol Res. 2014 Oct;60(1):50-9 - PubMed
  123. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Dec 19;317(2-3):317-20 - PubMed
  124. Am J Physiol. 1998 Nov;275(5):R1667-73 - PubMed
  125. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Feb;296(2):E256-61 - PubMed
  126. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Jan;65(1):51-9 - PubMed
  127. Diabetes Care. 2001 May;24(5):875-80 - PubMed
  128. Atherosclerosis. 2017 Jan;256:35-46 - PubMed
  129. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15;90(8):3491-5 - PubMed
  130. Circulation. 1998 Nov 3;98(18):1842-7 - PubMed
  131. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;89(1):77-84 - PubMed
  132. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013;13(2):180-200 - PubMed
  133. Metabolism. 2007 Apr;56(4):464-9 - PubMed
  134. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Apr 1;23(4):615-21 - PubMed
  135. Clin Sci (Lond). 2005 Dec;109(6):523-30 - PubMed
  136. Circulation. 1997 Feb 4;95(3):662-8 - PubMed
  137. Circulation. 1994 Jul;90(1):479-83 - PubMed
  138. Am J Cardiol. 2008 Aug 15;102(4):418-23 - PubMed
  139. Circulation. 2012 Dec 18;126(25):2943-50 - PubMed
  140. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Jul 12;7(14): - PubMed
  141. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1977 Sep;26(2-3):59-8 - PubMed
  142. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Oct;253:258-261 - PubMed
  143. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 15;9(6): - PubMed
  144. Redox Biol. 2020 Feb;30:101421 - PubMed
  145. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Aug 4;95(16):9220-5 - PubMed
  146. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 1;102(44):15833-8 - PubMed
  147. Front Physiol. 2020 Mar 25;11:201 - PubMed
  148. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013 Aug 12;2(4):e000392 - PubMed
  149. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Apr 17;19(4): - PubMed
  150. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Aug 14;72(7):769-780 - PubMed
  151. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1979 Jun;39(4):337-42 - PubMed
  152. Science. 1994 Jul 22;265(5171):542-6 - PubMed
  153. Circulation. 1994 Aug;90(2):658-68 - PubMed
  154. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Oct;38(4):311-5 - PubMed
  155. EMBO J. 1999 Nov 15;18(22):6271-81 - PubMed
  156. J Endocrinol. 2011 Sep;210(3):271-84 - PubMed
  157. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1995 Jul;27(7):1405-14 - PubMed
  158. Atherosclerosis. 2018 Aug;275:379-381 - PubMed
  159. Br J Pharmacol. 1990 Mar;99(3):602-6 - PubMed
  160. Endokrinologie. 1980 Mar;75(2):243-6 - PubMed
  161. Int J Exerc Sci. 2019 Mar 01;12(2):444-455 - PubMed
  162. Circulation. 2000 Apr 4;101(13):1539-45 - PubMed
  163. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2020 Apr 1;318(4):L762-L772 - PubMed
  164. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Apr 18;5(4):e003327 - PubMed
  165. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2018 Oct;38(10):2474-2483 - PubMed
  166. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1967;23:617-62 - PubMed
  167. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2009 Jan;6(1):16-26 - PubMed
  168. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2020;74(1):79-92 - PubMed
  169. Circulation. 1995 Apr 1;91(7):1981-7 - PubMed
  170. Cell Signal. 2007 Sep;19(9):1949-55 - PubMed
  171. Endocr Rev. 2007 Aug;28(5):463-91 - PubMed
  172. Lancet. 2001 Dec 22-29;358(9299):2127-8 - PubMed
  173. Neurosci Lett. 2000 Nov 17;294(2):125-9 - PubMed
  174. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010 Mar;46(2):177-85 - PubMed
  175. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Feb 4;100(3):1420-5 - PubMed
  176. Cardiovasc Res. 2013 Mar 1;97(3):509-19 - PubMed
  177. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002 Oct;21(5):422-7 - PubMed
  178. J Exp Zool. 1996 May 1;275(1):61-6 - PubMed
  179. Can J Cardiol. 2009 Jun;25 Suppl A:15A-20A - PubMed
  180. Clin Nutr. 2005 Dec;24(6):988-97 - PubMed
  181. Hypertension. 1996 Mar;27(3 Pt 2):643-8 - PubMed
  182. Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Aug 15;43(3):521-31 - PubMed
  183. Nitric Oxide. 1997 Feb;1(1):65-73 - PubMed
  184. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009 Nov;297(5):H1829-36 - PubMed
  185. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Feb;35(2):271-6 - PubMed
  186. Br J Nutr. 2013 Jun 28;109(12):2253-60 - PubMed
  187. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 23;274(30):21276-84 - PubMed
  188. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1999 Apr;33(4):652-8 - PubMed
  189. Front Immunol. 2014 Oct 27;5:533 - PubMed
  190. Int J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;27(7):567-72 - PubMed
  191. J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Jun;20(6):462-8 - PubMed
  192. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Sep;157:15-37 - PubMed
  193. Br J Pharmacol. 1991 Mar;102(3):567-72 - PubMed
  194. Atherosclerosis. 2007 Mar;191(1):206-10 - PubMed
  195. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Aug;38(2):499-505 - PubMed
  196. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018 Sep;43(9):928-936 - PubMed
  197. Cardiovasc Res. 2010 Aug 1;87(3):569-77 - PubMed
  198. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Aug;26(8):992-9 - PubMed
  199. Nutr Res Rev. 1999 Dec;12(2):255-80 - PubMed
  200. Yonsei Med J. 2016 Nov;57(6):1329-38 - PubMed
  201. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2016;14(4):360-7 - PubMed
  202. Biochem J. 2001 Aug 1;357(Pt 3):593-615 - PubMed
  203. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Aug 11;54(7):601-8 - PubMed
  204. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Oct;107(4):1249-57 - PubMed
  205. Cardiovasc Res. 2007 Jan 1;73(1):6-7 - PubMed
  206. Circ Res. 2019 May 10;124(10):1408-1410 - PubMed
  207. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 29;273(22):13502-8 - PubMed
  208. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jan 15;90(2):522-6 - PubMed
  209. Surgery. 1990 Aug;108(2):331-6; discussion 336-7 - PubMed
  210. Diabetologia. 2013 Mar;56(3):654-62 - PubMed
  211. Vasc Med. 2003 May;8(2):77-81 - PubMed
  212. Eur Heart J. 2012 Apr;33(7):829-37, 837a-837d - PubMed
  213. J Endocrinol. 1949 Oct;6(2):Suppl, x - PubMed
  214. Exp Gerontol. 2008 Jun;43(6):571-7 - PubMed
  215. Eur J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb;31(2):98-102 - PubMed
  216. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2775S-2782S; discussion 2796S-2797S - PubMed
  217. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2748S-2751S; discussion 2765S-2767S - PubMed
  218. Physiol Rev. 2015 Apr;95(2):549-601 - PubMed
  219. Circ Res. 2005 Nov 25;97(11):1182-9 - PubMed
  220. J Clin Invest. 1994 Dec;94(6):2511-5 - PubMed
  221. Cell. 1998 Dec 23;95(7):939-50 - PubMed
  222. Int J Cardiol. 2002 Dec;86(2-3):317-23 - PubMed
  223. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1994 Nov-Dec;18(6):559-60 - PubMed
  224. Circ Res. 2007 Sep 28;101(7):640-1 - PubMed
  225. Circulation. 1991 Oct;84(4):1589-96 - PubMed
  226. Future Cardiol. 2015 May;11(3):309-21 - PubMed
  227. Atherosclerosis. 1997 Mar 21;129(2):261-9 - PubMed
  228. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):682-5 - PubMed
  229. J Hypertens. 2001 Mar;19(3):421-9 - PubMed
  230. Blood. 2015 Jan 22;125(4):697-705 - PubMed
  231. N Engl J Med. 1967 Feb 23;276(8):434-9 - PubMed
  232. Circ Res. 2008 Jan 4;102(1):95-102 - PubMed
  233. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 16;9(6): - PubMed
  234. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Nov;101(11):3952-3958 - PubMed
  235. Acta Pol Pharm. 2015 Mar-Apr;72(2):245-52 - PubMed
  236. Scand Cardiovasc J. 2006 Oct;40(5):274-9 - PubMed
  237. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2015;887:53-77 - PubMed
  238. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;20 Suppl 12:S60-2 - PubMed
  239. Heart. 2005 Jul;91(7):864-6 - PubMed
  240. Front Physiol. 2018 Aug 21;9:965 - PubMed
  241. Hypertension. 1997 Nov;30(5):1128-34 - PubMed
  242. Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;22(1):23-30 - PubMed
  243. Histopathology. 2020 Jun 15;: - PubMed
  244. Pharmacol Res. 2000 Feb;41(2):201-9 - PubMed
  245. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2013 Oct 15;115(8):1146-55 - PubMed
  246. J Hum Hypertens. 1997 Aug;11(8):527-32 - PubMed
  247. FEBS Lett. 1972 Jan 1;19(4):335-339 - PubMed
  248. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Feb;91:264-266 - PubMed
  249. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997 Aug;27(8):690-5 - PubMed
  250. Atherosclerosis. 2015 Mar;239(1):61-6 - PubMed
  251. Circulation. 2003 Oct 21;108(16):2000-6 - PubMed
  252. Ageing Res Rev. 2013 Mar;12(2):699-707 - PubMed
  253. Sports Med. 2011 Mar 1;41(3):233-48 - PubMed
  254. Int J Biol Sci. 2013 Nov 09;9(10):1057-69 - PubMed
  255. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2003 Jul-Aug;46(1):91-111 - PubMed
  256. JAMA. 2020 Jan 23;: - PubMed
  257. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(3):555-64 - PubMed
  258. Lancet. 2015 Feb 26;385 Suppl 1:S49 - PubMed
  259. Circulation. 1996 Jun 15;93(12):2135-41 - PubMed
  260. Lancet. 2001 Dec 22-29;358(9299):2113-7 - PubMed
  261. Thromb Res. 2009 Feb;123(4):659-64 - PubMed
  262. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Apr;27(5):1207-13 - PubMed
  263. J Clin Invest. 2003 Apr;111(8):1201-9 - PubMed
  264. J Surg Res. 1999 Mar;82(1):17-23 - PubMed
  265. Free Radic Res. 2019 Mar;53(3):281-292 - PubMed
  266. J Nutr. 2000 Nov;130(11):2626-9 - PubMed
  267. Cas Lek Cesk. 1998 Aug 24;137(16):496-9 - PubMed
  268. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 May 21;41(10):1769-75 - PubMed
  269. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22(1-2):355-7 - PubMed
  270. Diabetologia. 2011 Nov;54(11):2941-52 - PubMed
  271. Circ Res. 2016 Feb 19;118(4):620-36 - PubMed
  272. Circulation. 2019 Sep 17;140(12):e657-e672 - PubMed
  273. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 2;273(40):25804-8 - PubMed
  274. Hosp Pediatr. 2020 Jun;10(6):537-540 - PubMed
  275. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 May;119(5):1075-1084 - PubMed
  276. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 Feb;26(2):365-71 - PubMed
  277. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Jun 20;320(1):24-34 - PubMed
  278. J Physiol. 2008 Oct 1;586(19):4709-20 - PubMed
  279. J Intern Med. 2011 Mar;269(3):349-61 - PubMed
  280. Vasc Med. 2000;5(1):11-9 - PubMed
  281. J Biol Chem. 1991 Apr 5;266(10):6259-63 - PubMed
  282. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Aug;41(8):1384-1387 - PubMed
  283. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Jun;39(6):338-44 - PubMed
  284. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Aug;251:514-515 - PubMed
  285. Hypertension. 1998 May;31(5):1047-60 - PubMed
  286. J Clin Med. 2019 Jun 23;8(6): - PubMed
  287. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;153(5):936-46 - PubMed
  288. Adv Ther. 2020 Jul;37(7):3033-3039 - PubMed
  289. Circulation. 2004 Jun 1;109(21):2587-93 - PubMed
  290. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 7;13(2):e0192252 - PubMed
  291. FASEB J. 2000 Sep;14(12):1775-83 - PubMed
  292. J Clin Invest. 1991 Nov;88(5):1559-67 - PubMed
  293. Hypertension. 2003 Nov;42(5):1014-20 - PubMed
  294. J Nutr. 2016 Jul;146(7):1322-9 - PubMed
  295. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Apr 26;6(5): - PubMed
  296. Heart Fail Clin. 2012 Oct;8(4):589-607 - PubMed

Publication Types

Grant support