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Dye BK, Butler C, Lincoln J. Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression in Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells is Important for Mediating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2020;7(3)doi: 10.3390/jcdd7030032.
Dye, B. K., Butler, C., & Lincoln, J. (2020). Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression in Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells is Important for Mediating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 7(3), . https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7030032
Dye, Bailey K, et al. "Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression in Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells is Important for Mediating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling." Journal of cardiovascular development and disease vol. 7,3 (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7030032
Dye BK, Butler C, Lincoln J. Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression in Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells is Important for Mediating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2020 Aug 19;7(3). doi: 10.3390/jcdd7030032. PMID: 32824919; PMCID: PMC7570306.
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J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2020 Aug 19;7(3). doi: 10.3390/jcdd7030032.

Smooth Muscle α-Actin Expression in Mitral Valve Interstitial Cells is Important for Mediating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease

Bailey K Dye, Catalina Butler, Joy Lincoln

Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43217, USA.
  2. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
  3. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, The Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
  4. Harvard College, Boston, MA 02138, USA.

PMID: 32824919 PMCID: PMC7570306 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7030032

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) affects 3-6% of the total population including those with connective tissue disorders. Treatment is limited, and patients commonly require surgery which can be impermanent and insuperable. Abnormal prolapse of mitral valve leaflets into the left atria is caused by disturbances to the composition and organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM), that weaken biomechanics. This process, known as myxomatous degeneration is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of proteoglycans, in addition to collagen fiber disruption and elastic fiber fragmentation. The underlying mechanisms that promote myxomatous degeneration to the point of biomechanical failure are unknown, but previous histological studies of end-stage diseased tissue have reported abnormal α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in a subset of heart valve interstitial cells (VICs); however, the contribution of these abnormal cells to MVP pathogenesis has not been extensively examined.

METHODS: In vivo and in vitro approaches were used. Mice harboring a

RESULTS: We show, in mitral valves from

CONCLUSIONS: Together, our data show that in VICs, SMA, an actin binding protein, is important for mediating ECM remodeling associated with phenotypes observed in myxomatous degeneration, and its expression is regulated by mechanical tension. These novel insights could inform the development of future non-surgical therapeutics to halt the progression of mitral valve degeneration thereby avoiding end-stage prolapse.

Keywords: extracellular matrix; heart valve; heart valve interstitial cells; myxomatous degeneration

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