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Althumairy D, Zhang X, Baez N, et al. Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors. Diseases. 2020;8(3)doi: 10.3390/diseases8030035.
Althumairy, D., Zhang, X., Baez, N., Barisas, G., Roess, D. A., Bousfield, G. R., & Crans, D. C. (2020). Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors. Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 8(3), . https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases8030035
Althumairy, Duaa, et al. "Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors." Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 8,3 (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases8030035
Althumairy D, Zhang X, Baez N, Barisas G, Roess DA, Bousfield GR, Crans DC. Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors. Diseases. 2020 Sep 15;8(3). doi: 10.3390/diseases8030035. PMID: 32942611; PMCID: PMC7565105.
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Diseases. 2020 Sep 15;8(3). doi: 10.3390/diseases8030035.

Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

Duaa Althumairy, Xiaoping Zhang, Nicholas Baez, George Barisas, Deborah A Roess, George R Bousfield, Debbie C Crans

Affiliations

  1. Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
  2. Department of Biological Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
  3. Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
  4. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
  5. Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.

PMID: 32942611 PMCID: PMC7565105 DOI: 10.3390/diseases8030035

Abstract

Signal transduction by luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptors (FSHRs) is essential for the successful reproduction of human beings. Both receptors and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor are members of a subset of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) described as the glycoprotein hormone receptors. Their ligands, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and a structurally related hormone produced in pregnancy, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), are large protein hormones that are extensively glycosylated. Although the primary physiologic functions of these receptors are in ovarian function and maintenance of pregnancy in human females and spermatogenesis in males, there are reports of LHRs or FSHRs involvement in disease processes both in the reproductive system and elsewhere. In this review, we evaluate the aggregation state of the structure of actively signaling LHRs or FSHRs, their functions in reproduction as well as summarizing disease processes related to receptor mutations affecting receptor function or expression in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues. We will also present novel strategies for either increasing or reducing the activity of LHRs signaling. Such approaches to modify signaling by glycoprotein receptors may prove advantageous in treating diseases relating to LHRs or FSHRs function in addition to furthering the identification of new strategies for modulating GPCR signaling.

Keywords: follicle-stimulating hormone receptor; hormones; luteinizing hormone receptor

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