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Kwon JH, Moon KM, Min KW. Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(4)doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040378.
Kwon, J. H., Moon, K. M., & Min, K. W. (2020). Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 8(4), . https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040378
Kwon, Jenny Hyosun, et al. "Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview." Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 8,4 (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040378
Kwon JH, Moon KM, Min KW. Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview. Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Oct 01;8(4). doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040378. PMID: 33019579; PMCID: PMC7712334.
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Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Oct 01;8(4). doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040378.

Exercise-Induced Myokines can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly: An Overview.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

Jenny Hyosun Kwon, Kyoung Min Moon, Kyueng-Whan Min

Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
  2. Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 25440, Korea.
  3. Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Korea.

PMID: 33019579 PMCID: PMC7712334 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040378

Abstract

Physical activity has been found to aid the maintenance of health in the elderly. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle contractions lead to the production and secretion of many small proteins and proteoglycan peptides called myokines. Thus, studies on myokines are necessary for ensuring the maintenance of skeletal muscle health in the elderly. This review summarizes 13 myokines regulated by physical activity that are affected by aging and aims to understand their potential roles in metabolic diseases. We categorized myokines into two groups based on regulation by aerobic and anaerobic exercise. With aging, the secretion of apelin, β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), decorin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), interleukin-15 (IL-15), irisin, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), sestrin, secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine (SPARC), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) decreased, while that of IL-6 and myostatin increased. Aerobic exercise upregulates apelin, BAIBA, IL-15, IL-6, irisin, SDF-1, sestrin, SPARC, and VEGF-A expression, while anaerobic exercise upregulates BMP-7, decorin, IGF-1, IL-15, IL-6, irisin, and VEGF-A expression. Myostatin is downregulated by both aerobic and anaerobic exercise. This review provides a rationale for developing exercise programs or interventions that maintain a balance between aerobic and anaerobic exercise in the elderly.

Keywords: aerobic; anaerobic; elderly; exercise; myokine; physical activity

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