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Banker SM, Pagliaccio D, Ramphal B, et al. Altered structure and functional connectivity of the hippocampus are associated with social and mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability. Hippocampus. 2020;31(1):79-88doi: 10.1002/hipo.23264.
Banker, S. M., Pagliaccio, D., Ramphal, B., Thomas, L., Dranovsky, A., & Margolis, A. E. (2021). Altered structure and functional connectivity of the hippocampus are associated with social and mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability. Hippocampus, 31(1), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23264
Banker, Sarah M, et al. "Altered structure and functional connectivity of the hippocampus are associated with social and mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability." Hippocampus vol. 31,1 (2021): 79-88. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23264
Banker SM, Pagliaccio D, Ramphal B, Thomas L, Dranovsky A, Margolis AE. Altered structure and functional connectivity of the hippocampus are associated with social and mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability. Hippocampus. 2021 Jan;31(1):79-88. doi: 10.1002/hipo.23264. Epub 2020 Sep 19. PMID: 32949475; PMCID: PMC7749072.
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Hippocampus. 2021 Jan;31(1):79-88. doi: 10.1002/hipo.23264. Epub 2020 Sep 19.

Altered structure and functional connectivity of the hippocampus are associated with social and mathematical difficulties in nonverbal learning disability.

Hippocampus

Sarah M Banker, David Pagliaccio, Bruce Ramphal, Lauren Thomas, Alex Dranovsky, Amy E Margolis

Affiliations

  1. Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
  2. The Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, The New York State Psychiatric Institute and the College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

PMID: 32949475 PMCID: PMC7749072 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23264

Abstract

The hippocampus is known to play a critical role in a variety of complex abilities, including visual-spatial reasoning, social functioning, and math. Nonverbal learning disability (NVLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in visual-spatial reasoning that are accompanied by impairment in social function or mathematics, as well as motor or executive function skills. Despite the overlap between behaviors supported by the hippocampus and impairments in NVLD, the structure and function of the hippocampus in NVLD has not been studied. To address this gap in the literature, we first compared hippocampal volume and resting-state functional connectivity in children with NVLD (n = 24) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 20). We then explored associations between hippocampal structure, connectivity, and performance on measures of spatial, social, and mathematical ability. Relative to TD children, those with NVLD showed significant reductions in left hippocampal volume and greater hippocampal-cerebellar connectivity. In children with NVLD, reduced hippocampal volume associated with worse mathematical problem solving. Although children with NVLD exhibited more social problems (social responsiveness scale [SRS]) and higher hippocampal-cerebellar connectivity relative to TD children, greater connectivity was associated with fewer social problems among children with NVLD but not TD children. Such an effect may suggest a compensatory mechanism. These structural and functional alterations of the hippocampus may disrupt its putative role in organizing conceptual frameworks through cognitive mapping, thus contributing to the cross-domain difficulties that characterize NVLD.

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Keywords: hippocampus; nonverbal learning disability; resting-state fMRI; social behavior; structural MRI

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