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Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Oct 09;9(10). doi: 10.3390/antiox9100965.

The Late-Stage Protective Effect of Mito-TEMPO against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mouse and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Models.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shoeb, Kenta Sasaki, Saori Kikutani, Nanami Namba, Keiichi Ueno, Yuki Kondo, Hitoshi Maeda, Toru Maruyama, Tetsumi Irie, Yoichi Ishitsuka

Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
  2. Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
  3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
  4. Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.

PMID: 33050213 PMCID: PMC7601533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100965

Abstract

An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP), the most common cause of acute liver injury, induces oxidative stress that subsequently causes mitochondrial impairment and hepatic necroptosis. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), the only recognized drug against APAP hepatotoxicity, is less effective the later it is administered. This study evaluated the protective effect of mitochondria-specific Mito-TEMPO (Mito-T) on APAP-induced acute liver injury in C57BL/6J male mice, and a three dimensional (3D)-cell culture model containing the human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2. The administration of Mito-T (20 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h after APAP (400 mg/kg, i.p.) injection markedly attenuated the APAP-induced elevated serum transaminase activity and hepatic necrosis. However, Mito-T treatment did not affect key factors in the development of APAP liver injury including the activation of c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and expression of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in the liver. However, Mito-T significantly reduced the APAP-induced increase in the hepatic oxidative stress marker, nitrotyrosine, and DNA fragmentation. Mito-T markedly attenuated cytotoxicity induced by APAP in the HepG2 3D-cell culture model. Moreover, liver regeneration after APAP hepatotoxicity was not affected by Mito-T, demonstrated by no changes in proliferating cell nuclear antigen formation. Therefore, Mito-T was hepatoprotective at the late-stage of APAP overdose in mice.

Keywords: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein; ER stress; Mito-TEMPO; acetaminophen; c-jun N-terminal kinases; endoplasmic reticulum; liver injury; mitochondria

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