Display options
Cite
Joaquim M, Escobar-Henriques M. Role of Mitofusins and Mitophagy in Life or Death Decisions. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:572182doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572182.
Joaquim, M., & Escobar-Henriques, M. (2020). Role of Mitofusins and Mitophagy in Life or Death Decisions. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 8572182. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.572182
Joaquim, Mariana, and Escobar-Henriques, Mafalda. "Role of Mitofusins and Mitophagy in Life or Death Decisions." Frontiers in cell and developmental biology vol. 8 (2020): 572182. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.572182
Joaquim M, Escobar-Henriques M. Role of Mitofusins and Mitophagy in Life or Death Decisions. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Sep 22;8:572182. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572182. eCollection 2020. PMID: 33072754; PMCID: PMC7539839.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Sep 22;8:572182. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572182. eCollection 2020.

Role of Mitofusins and Mitophagy in Life or Death Decisions.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

Mariana Joaquim, Mafalda Escobar-Henriques

Affiliations

  1. Institute for Genetics, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

PMID: 33072754 PMCID: PMC7539839 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572182

Abstract

Mitochondria entail an incredible dynamism in their morphology, impacting death signaling and selective elimination of the damaged organelles. In turn, by recycling the superfluous or malfunctioning mitochondria, mostly prevalent during aging, mitophagy contributes to maintain a healthy mitochondrial network. Mitofusins locate at the outer mitochondrial membrane and control the plastic behavior of mitochondria, by mediating fusion events. Besides deciding on mitochondrial interconnectivity, mitofusin 2 regulates physical contacts between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, but also serves as a decisive docking platform for mitophagy and apoptosis effectors. Thus, mitofusins integrate multiple bidirectional inputs from and into mitochondria and ensure proper energetic and metabolic cellular performance. Here, we review the role of mitofusins and mitophagy at the cross-road between life and apoptotic death decisions. Furthermore, we highlight the impact of this interplay on disease, focusing on how mitofusin 2 and mitophagy affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Copyright © 2020 Joaquim and Escobar-Henriques.

Keywords: MFN2; NAFLD; apoptosis; mitochondria; mitofusins; mitophagy

References

  1. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2018 May;93(2):933-949 - PubMed
  2. Hepatology. 2013 Nov;58(5):1644-54 - PubMed
  3. Science. 2018 Apr 20;360(6386):336-341 - PubMed
  4. Acta Med Okayama. 2011 Feb;65(1):1-10 - PubMed
  5. Nat Neurosci. 2015 Apr;18(4):501-10 - PubMed
  6. Cell Rep. 2014 Apr 10;7(1):45-52 - PubMed
  7. J Cell Sci. 2016 Feb 15;129(4):757-73 - PubMed
  8. Nature. 2008 Dec 4;456(7222):605-10 - PubMed
  9. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 15;280(28):26185-92 - PubMed
  10. Cancer Biol Ther. 2005 Feb;4(2):139-63 - PubMed
  11. FEBS Lett. 2020 Apr 29;: - PubMed
  12. Neurochem Res. 2018 Oct;43(10):1963-1977 - PubMed
  13. Cell Death Dis. 2020 Apr 20;11(4):256 - PubMed
  14. Cell. 2006 Jul 14;126(1):177-89 - PubMed
  15. Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jul;44(1):3-15 - PubMed
  16. J Cell Biol. 2015 Feb 16;208(4):429-42 - PubMed
  17. Front Physiol. 2019 May 09;10:517 - PubMed
  18. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Feb;98:139-153 - PubMed
  19. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2018 Aug;34(4):263-277 - PubMed
  20. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Sep 03;10:570 - PubMed
  21. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 13;276(15):11615-23 - PubMed
  22. Cells. 2020 Jan 03;9(1): - PubMed
  23. J Cell Biol. 2002 Dec 23;159(6):931-8 - PubMed
  24. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jun 6;289(23):16262-9 - PubMed
  25. Exp Gerontol. 2014 Aug;56:202-20 - PubMed
  26. Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Dec 15;19(24):4861-70 - PubMed
  27. J Clin Invest. 2018 Mar 1;128(3):1010-1025 - PubMed
  28. J Cell Biol. 2014 Apr 28;205(2):143-53 - PubMed
  29. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 21;20(39):14205-18 - PubMed
  30. J Pineal Res. 2018 Jan;64(1): - PubMed
  31. Cell. 2019 May 2;177(4):881-895.e17 - PubMed
  32. Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Oct 1;25(19):4266-4281 - PubMed
  33. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Dec;1863(12):3065-3083 - PubMed
  34. Cell Death Dis. 2018 Feb 28;9(3):330 - PubMed
  35. Cell Biol Int. 2019 Jul;43(7):728-738 - PubMed
  36. J Cell Biol. 2010 Apr 19;189(2):211-21 - PubMed
  37. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2019 Jul 1;317(1):C111-C130 - PubMed
  38. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2018 Nov;23(6):1295-1309 - PubMed
  39. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jun 21;108(25):10190-5 - PubMed
  40. Cell Death Differ. 2009 Aug;16(8):1135-45 - PubMed
  41. Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 08;7:41718 - PubMed
  42. J Neurochem. 2017 Dec;143(5):507-522 - PubMed
  43. PLoS Genet. 2019 Jun 6;15(6):e1008085 - PubMed
  44. Front Physiol. 2019 Apr 10;10:411 - PubMed
  45. J Cell Biol. 2007 Feb 12;176(4):405-14 - PubMed
  46. J Cell Biol. 2016 Dec 5;215(5):621-629 - PubMed
  47. EMBO J. 2008 Jan 23;27(2):433-46 - PubMed
  48. Nat Cell Biol. 2018 Jul;20(7):745-754 - PubMed
  49. Cell. 2011 Apr 1;145(1):104-16 - PubMed
  50. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Dec;28(11):607-18 - PubMed
  51. Diabetologia. 2011 Jul;54(7):1788-98 - PubMed
  52. Nature. 2017 Feb 16;542(7641):372-376 - PubMed
  53. Mitochondrion. 2019 Nov;49:269-283 - PubMed
  54. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Apr;150:109-119 - PubMed
  55. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2018 Mar;1865(3):480-495 - PubMed
  56. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 15;809:42-51 - PubMed
  57. Mol Neurobiol. 2019 Sep;56(9):6460-6471 - PubMed
  58. Cancer Lett. 2009 Feb 8;274(1):95-100 - PubMed
  59. Cell. 1996 Jul 12;86(1):147-57 - PubMed
  60. Methods Enzymol. 2014;544:99-128 - PubMed
  61. EMBO J. 2017 Jun 1;36(11):1543-1558 - PubMed
  62. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 28;112(17):E2174-81 - PubMed
  63. Nat Cell Biol. 2018 Jul;20(7):755-765 - PubMed
  64. J Physiol Sci. 2019 Jan;69(1):113-127 - PubMed
  65. EMBO Rep. 2017 Mar;18(3):495-509 - PubMed
  66. Cancer Cell Int. 2019 Dec 10;19:332 - PubMed
  67. Nat Commun. 2013;4:1983 - PubMed
  68. Hepatology. 1999 Mar;29(3):664-9 - PubMed
  69. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020 Apr;21(4):204-224 - PubMed
  70. Cell Metab. 2020 Apr 7;31(4):791-808.e8 - PubMed
  71. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Jun;153:89-102 - PubMed
  72. Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):162-6 - PubMed
  73. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2019 Jul;25(7):859-875 - PubMed
  74. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 21;103(8):2653-8 - PubMed
  75. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 9;276(10):7320-6 - PubMed
  76. Open Biol. 2018 Nov 7;8(11): - PubMed
  77. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2017 Jan;1862(1):81-89 - PubMed
  78. Curr Opin Physiol. 2018 Jun;3:110-115 - PubMed
  79. Cell Stress. 2019 May 27;3(6):181-194 - PubMed
  80. Curr Opin Immunol. 2007 Oct;19(5):488-96 - PubMed
  81. Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Jun;35(4):495-516 - PubMed
  82. J Cell Biol. 2003 Jan 20;160(2):189-200 - PubMed
  83. Nat Commun. 2020 Jan 3;11(1):102 - PubMed
  84. J Cell Mol Med. 2002 Oct-Dec;6(4):497-538 - PubMed
  85. Nat Commun. 2018 Sep 14;9(1):3755 - PubMed
  86. Cell. 1997 Nov 14;91(4):479-89 - PubMed
  87. Antioxidants (Basel). 2017 Apr 05;6(2): - PubMed
  88. Annu Rev Genet. 2012;46:265-87 - PubMed
  89. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2019 Dec;47(1):1961-1970 - PubMed
  90. J Cell Sci. 2002 Apr 15;115(Pt 8):1663-74 - PubMed
  91. Hepatol Commun. 2020 Jan 14;4(4):478-492 - PubMed
  92. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Nov 1;13(9):1341-58 - PubMed
  93. Cell Rep. 2015 Sep 8;12(10):1631-43 - PubMed
  94. World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jul 7;24(25):2661-2672 - PubMed
  95. IUBMB Life. 2006 Jul;58(7):441-3 - PubMed
  96. Nat Cell Biol. 2011 May;13(5):589-98 - PubMed
  97. Ann Neurol. 2007 Apr;61(4):315-23 - PubMed
  98. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 10;279(50):52726-34 - PubMed
  99. J Neurol Sci. 2015 Sep 15;356(1-2):7-18 - PubMed
  100. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Nov 16;363(2):411-7 - PubMed
  101. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 1;280(26):25060-70 - PubMed
  102. Exp Mol Med. 2019 Jan 11;51(1):1-13 - PubMed
  103. Dig Dis Sci. 2015 Aug;60(8):2353-9 - PubMed
  104. Mol Cell. 2016 Mar 3;61(5):683-694 - PubMed
  105. Mol Biol Cell. 2013 Apr;24(8):1153-62 - PubMed
  106. Science. 2012 Aug 31;337(6098):1062-5 - PubMed
  107. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Feb 5;116(6):2328-2337 - PubMed
  108. Mol Cell. 2007 Dec 14;28(5):746-54 - PubMed
  109. Cell. 2007 Aug 10;130(3):548-62 - PubMed
  110. EMBO Rep. 2018 Jun;19(6): - PubMed
  111. J Cell Physiol. 2020 May;235(5):4878-4889 - PubMed
  112. Arch Pharm Res. 2016 Aug;39(8):1050-61 - PubMed
  113. Cell Death Dis. 2019 Jul 22;10(8):560 - PubMed
  114. Cell Metab. 2019 Apr 2;29(4):803-826 - PubMed
  115. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2019 Aug;59:159-166 - PubMed
  116. J Clin Invest. 2019 Mar 18;129(4):1756-1771 - PubMed
  117. Cell Metab. 2013 Apr 2;17(4):491-506 - PubMed
  118. J Cell Biol. 1999 Mar 8;144(5):903-14 - PubMed
  119. FASEB J. 2014 Jan;28(1):382-94 - PubMed
  120. PLoS Comput Biol. 2014 Nov 06;10(11):e1003935 - PubMed
  121. EMBO J. 2009 Jun 3;28(11):1589-600 - PubMed
  122. Mol Cell. 2014 Aug 7;55(3):451-66 - PubMed
  123. Cell Metab. 2017 Jul 5;26(1):39-48 - PubMed
  124. Hum Gene Ther. 2020 Jan;31(1-2):103-109 - PubMed
  125. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Apr 24;109(17):6566-71 - PubMed
  126. J Cell Biol. 2017 Oct 2;216(10):3231-3247 - PubMed
  127. Nat Cell Biol. 2012 Jan 22;14(2):177-85 - PubMed
  128. Aging (Albany NY). 2019 Jun 16;11(12):3919-3938 - PubMed
  129. Nature. 2000 Oct 12;407(6805):770-6 - PubMed
  130. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2015 Nov;80(11):1418-28 - PubMed
  131. Trends Cell Biol. 2016 Jan;26(1):6-16 - PubMed
  132. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Apr 3;109(14):5523-8 - PubMed
  133. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019 May;20(5):267-284 - PubMed
  134. Elife. 2013 Aug 27;2:e00772 - PubMed
  135. J Cell Biol. 2018 Feb 5;217(2):507-515 - PubMed
  136. Science. 1998 Jun 12;280(5370):1763-6 - PubMed
  137. Elife. 2014 Jun 04;3:e01958 - PubMed
  138. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018 Aug;62(16):e1800164 - PubMed
  139. Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 12;9:1605 - PubMed
  140. Hum Mol Genet. 2012 Nov 15;21(22):4827-35 - PubMed
  141. Curr Hepatol Rep. 2016 Jun;15(2):75-85 - PubMed
  142. Gut Liver. 2020 Mar 15;14(2):168-178 - PubMed
  143. Cell Res. 2016 Apr;26(4):399-422 - PubMed
  144. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Feb 13;19(2): - PubMed
  145. PLoS Genet. 2013;9(12):e1003937 - PubMed
  146. Biol Pharm Bull. 2018 Feb 1;41(2):198-207 - PubMed
  147. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jul 10;104(28):11649-54 - PubMed
  148. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Feb 25;117(8):4281-4291 - PubMed
  149. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2016 Dec;172(12):775-778 - PubMed
  150. PLoS One. 2011 Mar 08;6(3):e16746 - PubMed
  151. Life Sci. 2020 Feb 15;243:117244 - PubMed
  152. Mol Cell. 2020 Mar 5;77(5):1124-1142.e10 - PubMed
  153. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Jan;7(1):222-32 - PubMed
  154. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2010;687:131-42 - PubMed
  155. J Cell Sci. 2015 Aug 1;128(15):2759-65 - PubMed
  156. Annu Rev Genet. 2009;43:95-118 - PubMed
  157. Cell. 2009 Dec 24;139(7):1342-52 - PubMed
  158. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2015;114:67-91 - PubMed
  159. Mol Cell. 2011 Jan 21;41(2):150-60 - PubMed
  160. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol. 2019;116:209-236 - PubMed
  161. Cell Death Differ. 2010 Feb;17(2):268-77 - PubMed
  162. Cell. 2006 Jul 14;126(1):163-75 - PubMed
  163. Cell Metab. 2015 Feb 3;21(2):273-286 - PubMed
  164. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e46293 - PubMed
  165. Neoplasma. 2014;61(3):265-73 - PubMed
  166. EMBO Rep. 2014 Mar;15(3):231-43 - PubMed
  167. Autophagy. 2019 Jul;15(7):1182-1198 - PubMed
  168. Nature. 2009 Apr 30;458(7242):1131-5 - PubMed
  169. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jul;1843(7):1295-307 - PubMed
  170. Nat Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;12(2):119-31 - PubMed
  171. Essays Biochem. 2018 Jul 20;62(3):341-360 - PubMed
  172. Cell Stem Cell. 2016 Aug 4;19(2):232-247 - PubMed
  173. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2019 Feb 1;126(2):341-353 - PubMed
  174. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2019 Oct-Dec;39(5-6):470-478 - PubMed
  175. J Cell Biol. 2008 Dec 1;183(5):795-803 - PubMed
  176. Cancer Sci. 2018 Dec;109(12):3686-3694 - PubMed
  177. Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 29;10(1):4914 - PubMed
  178. Cell Death Differ. 2020 Mar;27(3):903-918 - PubMed
  179. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2020 Mar 28;8(1):76-86 - PubMed
  180. Oncol Rep. 2018 Apr;39(4):1671-1681 - PubMed
  181. J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Jun;24(12):6571-6585 - PubMed
  182. Nat Cell Biol. 2018 Sep;20(9):1013-1022 - PubMed
  183. Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):370-4 - PubMed
  184. Hum Mutat. 2012 Oct;33(10):1408-22 - PubMed
  185. J Pineal Res. 2016 Oct;61(3):396-407 - PubMed
  186. Redox Biol. 2019 Apr;22:101148 - PubMed
  187. Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Aug 15;25(16):3476-3490 - PubMed
  188. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Sep;8(9):741-52 - PubMed
  189. Cell. 2005 Sep 23;122(6):927-39 - PubMed
  190. Sci Rep. 2012;2:1002 - PubMed
  191. Redox Biol. 2019 Feb;21:101120 - PubMed
  192. J Hepatol. 2019 Jan;70(1):66-77 - PubMed
  193. Br J Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;171(8):1890-906 - PubMed
  194. Front Physiol. 2014 Aug 26;5:323 - PubMed
  195. Mediators Inflamm. 2017;2017:4926205 - PubMed
  196. Nat Cell Biol. 2006 Oct;8(10):1124-32 - PubMed
  197. Cell Death Dis. 2018 Jan 24;9(2):90 - PubMed
  198. EMBO J. 2016 Aug 1;35(15):1677-93 - PubMed
  199. Genet Mol Res. 2014 May 23;13(2):3991-9 - PubMed
  200. Elife. 2018 Apr 20;7: - PubMed
  201. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Sep 03;20(17): - PubMed
  202. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009 Oct;41(10):1846-54 - PubMed
  203. Neural Regen Res. 2019 May;14(5):749-756 - PubMed
  204. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2019 Apr;1866(4):575-587 - PubMed
  205. J Neurochem. 2011 Aug;118(4):636-45 - PubMed
  206. Front Physiol. 2010 Nov 29;1:156 - PubMed
  207. Science. 2013 Nov 8;342(6159):734-7 - PubMed
  208. J Cell Biol. 2016 Feb 15;212(4):379-87 - PubMed
  209. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2013 Jun 01;18:1141-9 - PubMed
  210. Dev Cell. 2018 Mar 12;44(5):555-565.e3 - PubMed
  211. Cell. 2016 Jun 30;166(1):63-76 - PubMed
  212. FASEB J. 2020 Mar;34(3):3631-3645 - PubMed
  213. Cell. 2013 Sep 26;155(1):172-87 - PubMed
  214. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2020 May;122:105720 - PubMed
  215. Mol Cell. 2014 Nov 6;56(3):360-75 - PubMed
  216. Nature. 2013 Apr 18;496(7445):372-6 - PubMed
  217. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Jun;114:108844 - PubMed
  218. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018 Jan 23;19(2):93-108 - PubMed
  219. J Cell Biol. 2006 Dec 18;175(6):901-11 - PubMed
  220. Hum Mol Genet. 2019 Jun 1;28(11):1782-1800 - PubMed
  221. EMBO J. 2015 Jan 2;34(1):67-80 - PubMed
  222. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Dec;11(12):872-84 - PubMed
  223. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2020 May;142:146-153 - PubMed
  224. Environ Res. 2020 Sep;188:109824 - PubMed
  225. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Jun 1;14(11):1405-15 - PubMed
  226. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2017 Apr;1864(4):737-746 - PubMed
  227. Nat Commun. 2013;4:1982 - PubMed
  228. Theranostics. 2020 Jan 1;10(3):1415-1432 - PubMed
  229. EMBO J. 2013 Jul 31;32(15):2099-112 - PubMed
  230. Cell Metab. 2020 May 5;31(5):892-908.e11 - PubMed
  231. PLoS One. 2010 Apr 07;5(4):e10054 - PubMed
  232. Science. 2013 Apr 26;340(6131):471-5 - PubMed
  233. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2017 Apr;45:83-91 - PubMed
  234. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Oct 4;113(40):11249-11254 - PubMed
  235. Neoplasma. 2013;60(6):620-6 - PubMed
  236. Mol Cell. 2012 Aug 24;47(4):547-57 - PubMed
  237. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;997:49-67 - PubMed
  238. Hum Mol Genet. 2011 May 1;20(9):1726-37 - PubMed
  239. Cell Metab. 2017 Jun 6;25(6):1390-1399.e6 - PubMed
  240. Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1145-59 - PubMed
  241. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020 Feb;21(2):85-100 - PubMed
  242. Annu Rev Physiol. 2019 Feb 10;81:1-17 - PubMed
  243. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Aug;91(8):3224-7 - PubMed
  244. Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 29;6:30561 - PubMed
  245. Biochem J. 2014 May 15;460(1):127-39 - PubMed
  246. BMC Biol. 2018 Jan 10;16(1):2 - PubMed
  247. Cell. 1997 Jul 11;90(1):121-9 - PubMed
  248. Br J Cancer. 1972 Aug;26(4):239-57 - PubMed
  249. Cells. 2020 Jun 20;9(6): - PubMed
  250. Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 18;6:31462 - PubMed
  251. Clin Liver Dis. 2016 May;20(2):293-312 - PubMed
  252. Dev Cell. 2012 Feb 14;22(2):320-33 - PubMed
  253. Curr Biol. 2018 Feb 19;28(4):R170-R185 - PubMed
  254. Cell Death Dis. 2010;1:e18 - PubMed
  255. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2018 Jun;23(4):509-520 - PubMed
  256. Autophagy. 2010 Nov;6(8):1090-106 - PubMed
  257. Circ Res. 2014 Jul 18;115(3):348-53 - PubMed
  258. Med Oncol. 2011 Dec;28 Suppl 1:S373-80 - PubMed
  259. J Biochem. 2003 Sep;134(3):333-44 - PubMed
  260. Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 29;6:30777 - PubMed
  261. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2013 Jun;18(2):113-29 - PubMed
  262. Dev Cell. 2002 Jan;2(1):55-67 - PubMed
  263. Front Pharmacol. 2019 May 31;10:601 - PubMed
  264. Pharmacol Res. 2018 Dec;138:43-56 - PubMed
  265. Protein Cell. 2014 Oct;5(10):737-49 - PubMed
  266. Nature. 2006 Oct 12;443(7112):658-62 - PubMed
  267. Nature. 2018 Jul;559(7714):410-414 - PubMed
  268. PM R. 2014 Apr;6(4):342-55 - PubMed
  269. J Cell Sci. 2003 Jul 1;116(Pt 13):2763-74 - PubMed
  270. EMBO Rep. 2010 Sep;11(9):678-84 - PubMed
  271. J Cell Biol. 2010 Dec 27;191(7):1367-80 - PubMed
  272. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 13;19(9): - PubMed
  273. Diabetes. 2005 Sep;54(9):2685-93 - PubMed
  274. Am J Transl Res. 2010 Jan 01;2(1):95-104 - PubMed
  275. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2018;340:129-167 - PubMed
  276. Mol Cell Biol. 2012 Jul;32(13):2570-84 - PubMed
  277. J Biol Chem. 2003 May 9;278(19):17190-7 - PubMed
  278. Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):309-314 - PubMed
  279. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Apr 21;20(15):4335-40 - PubMed
  280. Biol Chem. 2020 May 26;401(6-7):855-876 - PubMed
  281. Eur J Cell Biol. 2020 Jan;99(1):151058 - PubMed
  282. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016 Mar;41(3):298-306 - PubMed
  283. Gastroenterology. 2003 Aug;125(2):437-43 - PubMed
  284. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 5;107(1):378-83 - PubMed
  285. J Cell Mol Med. 2019 Nov;23(11):7810-7818 - PubMed
  286. Cell Metab. 2018 Oct 2;28(4):588-604.e5 - PubMed
  287. Circ Res. 2012 Oct 12;111(9):1208-21 - PubMed
  288. Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Jul;506:72-83 - PubMed
  289. J Cell Sci. 2016 Jun 15;129(12):2297-306 - PubMed
  290. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Sep 10;6:104 - PubMed
  291. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Sep 10;1555(1-3):196-203 - PubMed
  292. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 16;107(11):5018-23 - PubMed
  293. PLoS One. 2007 Aug 01;2(8):e690 - PubMed
  294. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;46(6):2311-2324 - PubMed
  295. Arch Pharm Res. 2019 Nov;42(11):935-946 - PubMed
  296. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jul 6;287(28):23615-25 - PubMed
  297. Autophagy. 2013 Nov 1;9(11):1758-69 - PubMed
  298. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2017 Jul;1864(7):1260-1273 - PubMed
  299. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2018 Mar;25(3):233-243 - PubMed
  300. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2020 Mar;28(3):363-374 - PubMed
  301. Cell. 2010 Apr 16;141(2):280-9 - PubMed
  302. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2017 May;24(5):475-483 - PubMed

Publication Types