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Ogimi C, Qu P, Boeckh M, et al. Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis. medRxiv. 2020;doi: 10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510.
Ogimi, C., Qu, P., Boeckh, M., Bender Ignacio, R. A., & Zangeneh, S. Z. (2020). Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510
Ogimi, Chikara, et al. "Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis." medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences vol. (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510
Ogimi C, Qu P, Boeckh M, Bender Ignacio RA, Zangeneh SZ. Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis. medRxiv. 2020 Oct 20; doi: 10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510. PMID: 33106815; PMCID: PMC7587835.
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medRxiv. 2020 Oct 20; doi: 10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510.

Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Chikara Ogimi, Pingping Qu, Michael Boeckh, Rachel A Bender Ignacio, Sahar Z Zangeneh

Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Infectious Diseases Division, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  3. Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
  4. Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
  5. Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
  6. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

PMID: 33106815 PMCID: PMC7587835 DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.17.20214510

Abstract

We investigated whether countries with higher coverage of childhood live vaccines [BCG or measles-containing-vaccine (MCV)] have reduced risk of COVID-19 related mortality, accounting for known systems differences between countries. In this ecological study of 140 countries using publicly available national-level data, higher vaccine coverage, representing estimated proportion of people vaccinated during the last 15 years, was associated with lower COVID-19 deaths. The associations attenuated for both vaccine variables, and MCV coverage became no longer significant once adjusted for a validated summary score accounting for life expectancy and healthcare quality indicators, the Healthcare access and quality index (HAQI). The magnitude of association between BCG coverage and COVID-19 death rate varied according to HAQI, and MCV coverage had little effect on the association between BCG and COVID-19 deaths. While there are associations between live vaccine coverage and COVID-19 outcomes, the vaccine coverage variables themselves were strongly correlated with COVID-19 testing rate, HAQI, and life expectancy. This suggests that the population-level associations may be further confounded by differences in structural health systems and policies. Cluster randomized studies of booster vaccines would be ideal to evaluate the efficacy of trained immunity in preventing COVID-19 infections and mortality in vaccinated individuals and on community transmission.

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