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Lozzi F, Di Raimondo C, Lanna C, et al. Latest Evidence Regarding the Effects of Photosensitive Drugs on the Skin: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations. Pharmaceutics. 2020;12(11)doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104.
Lozzi, F., Di Raimondo, C., Lanna, C., Diluvio, L., Mazzilli, S., Garofalo, V., Dika, E., Dellambra, E., Coniglione, F., Bianchi, L., & Campione, E. (2020). Latest Evidence Regarding the Effects of Photosensitive Drugs on the Skin: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations. Pharmaceutics, 12(11), . https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104
Lozzi, Flavia, et al. "Latest Evidence Regarding the Effects of Photosensitive Drugs on the Skin: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations." Pharmaceutics vol. 12,11 (2020). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104
Lozzi F, Di Raimondo C, Lanna C, Diluvio L, Mazzilli S, Garofalo V, Dika E, Dellambra E, Coniglione F, Bianchi L, Campione E. Latest Evidence Regarding the Effects of Photosensitive Drugs on the Skin: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations. Pharmaceutics. 2020 Nov 17;12(11). doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104. PMID: 33213076; PMCID: PMC7698592.
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Pharmaceutics. 2020 Nov 17;12(11). doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104.

Latest Evidence Regarding the Effects of Photosensitive Drugs on the Skin: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations.

Pharmaceutics

Flavia Lozzi, Cosimo Di Raimondo, Caterina Lanna, Laura Diluvio, Sara Mazzilli, Virginia Garofalo, Emi Dika, Elena Dellambra, Filadelfo Coniglione, Luca Bianchi, Elena Campione

Affiliations

  1. Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
  2. Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 1-40138 Bologna, Italy.
  3. Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy.
  4. Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.

PMID: 33213076 PMCID: PMC7698592 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111104

Abstract

Photosensitivity induced by drugs is a widely experienced problem, concerning both molecule design and clinical practice. Indeed, photo-induced cutaneous eruptions represent one of the most common drug adverse events and are frequently an important issue to consider in the therapeutic management of patients. Phototoxicity and photoallergy are the two different pathogenic mechanisms involved in photosensitization. Related cutaneous manifestations are heterogeneous, depending on the culprit drug and subject susceptibility. Here we report an updated review of the literature with respect to pathogenic mechanisms of photosensitivity, clinical manifestations, patient management, and prediction and evaluation of drug-induced photosensitivity. We present and discuss principal groups of photosensitizing drugs (antimicrobials, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-hypertensives, anti-arrhythmics, cholesterol, and glycemia-lowering agents, psychotropic drugs, chemotherapeutics, etc.) and their main damage mechanisms according to recent evidence. The link between the drug and the cutaneous manifestation is not always clear; more investigations would be helpful to better predict drug photosensitizing potential, prevent and manage cutaneous adverse events and find the most appropriate alternative therapeutic strategy.

Keywords: photoallergic reaction; photosensitive drug; photosensitive drug-induced cutaneous eruption; phototoxic reaction

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